8th EAI International Conference on Management of Manufacturing Systems

Matrix costing performed using only MFCA-adapted organizational–technological input–output model is characteristically high in its complexity. This disadvantage presents a barrier preventing their effective implementation, especially in industrial SMEs. This paper discusses the design of an input–output model adapted to the MFCA system that would significantly aid SMEs with this type of costing in the context of MFCA system requirements. The authors also discuss a method of mathematical derivation of the rejected product coefficient via equations describing the proposed product input–output model. Such derivation could contribute to the aggregation of the product and organizational–technological input–output model in the future. The proposed model was tested for batch production of square agricultural silos. For this purpose, a digital model of the factory was also created, intended for creation of production activity simulations. The simulation of the production process represents an effective tool not only for the needs of testing the proposed methodologies but also for the creation of initial data intended for the used input–output model. The issue of integration of input–output models with simulation models is currently still not satisfactorily resolved. Another important starting point of this work is the methodological proposal for the integration of the production input–output model with the digital bill of material created in the relevant CAD software. The integration of input–output models with modern engineering software offers a high-quality basis for performing highly accurate matrix costing.

Nowadays sustainable manufacturing has become a trend, which is spread among whole industries. Additive manufacturing is rapidly growing technology that is offering possibilities for implementation of new composite materials, which can be produced from recycled materials. Circular economy is not only a popular trend but more period, in which today’s world must move on. In order to ensure the transformation from linear model of economy to circular model, it is necessary to ensure specific technologies that enable the possibility of recycling of various materials. Implementation of recycled materials into Additive manufacturing is a great opportunity due to the fact that 3D printing is an emerging technology, which is more sustainable than traditional manufacturing processes, for instance turning and milling. It is possible to admit that additive manufacturing is the ideal technology for zero-waste production. This paper reviews the possibility to implement the recycled materials into additive manufacturing process and points out the importance of recycling in general. In the introduction, the focus is directed on basic ways of waste recovery, established waste and recycling laws. Further, this paper elaborates specific types of recycled materials that are already being used for 3D printing. This paper also offers an alternative way of recycling old materials and failed printed samples and thus reduce the generated waste. The conclusion of this paper discusses the quality of virgin and recycled materials and the conclusion proposes the future direction of work to be focused more on examining the properties of recycled materials in a more detailed way.

Considering the need for mass customization in Industry 4.0, it is necessary to develop non-traditional production methods. Therefore, additive manufacturing can become a key technology for the production of customized products thanks to its ability to create irregular objects or shapes. In addition to enabling new design possibilities, the additive manufacturing method holds promise for increasing social, economic, and environmental sustainability. It also has the potential to reduce energy consumption and lower polymer material consumption. Additive manufacturing contrasts with conventional processes, as it consists in applying materials layer by layer. Conventional manufacturing operations produce polymer waste that is difficult to reintroduce into manufacturing processes. The aim of the contribution is the possibility of using additive manufacturing in the design and processing of new effective use of the product with regard to the environmental aspect.

Malware is any harmful code intended to harm the user. Computer malware is a type of threat that is designed to infiltrate other computers and exfiltrate sensitive user information or act destructively. In response to the growing number of malicious programs, the field of malware analysis is emerging. Malware can be collected by implementing honeypot servers and analyzed using reverse engineering tools and techniques. Honeypot servers can be categorized by their purpose and level of interactivity. The data collected by the honeypot server can be categorized as: connection data, malicious scripts, and malware. By analyzing gathered information and focusing on the reverse engineering of malware, insight will be provided into the functioning of the malicious programs and how to prevent their operation and further spread. Reverse engineering can be divided into two types of analysis – static and dynamic malware analysis. Static analysis is a method in which the malware sample is not executed, while the purpose of dynamic analysis is to monitor the changes caused by the malware after execution. The collected information serves to improve and develop cybersecurity strategies.

This paper generally targets the problem of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) path planning for usage in various scenarios in urban environments. The proposed method of UAV path planning is designed for the urban waste monitoring scenario. The system is designed to monitor urban green areas, public containers, and unregulated landfills with the goal of detecting possible violations of garbage disposal rules. The proposed method and the system are created for real-time monitoring of the area using drones with programmable path and the detection of irregularities in garbage disposal. This paper is focused on single UAV path planning and path optimization. The path planning method is applicable for a single drone, as well as for a fleet of drones. In this research, the possible methods for path planning based on the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) with Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) are initially considered. As a result, the TSP with GA method expanded with the Roulette selection strategy is defined in this paper. The results of the simulation are presented and discussed in this paper, giving the conclusion that proposed model is applicable in proposed scenario.

In the past few decades, the capabilities of hardware platforms designed for the development of specialized devices (such as mobile phones or embedded computers) have advanced tremendously. One significant consequence of this evolution is the opening up of possibilities for using standard software (e.g., the Linux operating system, standard libraries, etc.) on these platforms. The latest phase of this evolution is represented by the emergence of AIoT (Artificial Intelligence of Things) devices, specifically IoT devices that have sufficient hardware resources to execute complex and demanding artificial intelligence algorithms locally. In (A)IoT environments, especially in cases where devices are battery-powered and their autonomy is crucial, performance and algorithm optimization can often be more significant criteria than result accuracy and precision. Until recently, there has not been much focus on optimizing the distribution of software solutions. However, due to several factors, such as a shift in software development philosophy toward more frequent and smaller changes, limited resources in IoT environments, the need for automated updates, increasingly bulky software packages, etc., the question of efficient software distribution and related updates is becoming increasingly important. In this chapter, we provide an overview of standard solutions and approaches for software package distribution and management, as well as an analysis of their efficiency. We consider classical package management systems, package distribution systems for specific programming languages, and hybrid systems of this kind. The analysis primarily focuses on IoT systems characterized by the need for efficient utilization of local resources and communication channels.

This paper analyzes cyber risks in complex and dynamic information and communication systems, focusing on the online gambling industry. Using the Croatian Lottery as a case study, publicly available data was used to identify and assess cyber vulnerabilities and threats. The analysis covers network infrastructure, Internet domain, web applications, and end users. The study highlights the need for systematic understanding and continuous OSINT analysis to minimize risks. Recommendations include implementing ASVS level 2, conducting regular security testing, developing educational materials, implementing multifactor authentication, and deploying DDoS protection solutions. These measures enhance security, mitigate cyber risks, and safeguard user privacy and experiences in online gambling.

Nowadays, when organizations almost completely rely on ICT (Information and communications technology), the CIO (Chief Information Officer) needs to accept the required changes in his role and the skills which are necessary for efficiency and success. The old CIO, a technologist, who lives in his own world, must now become a new CIO who can act as the management’s partner in making business decisions. In the context of his daily tasks and contacts, priority should be given to business language and less to technical language. The volume and value of ICT projects have increased dramatically, but there is a risk that poor communication could push the benefits of such investments into the background and that such projects could be doomed to fail. For this reason, the communication skills of CIOs are becoming more and more significant. Appropriate education of IT employees at higher education institutions is a serious challenge. We need to become aware of the fact that we live in a globalized world where effective communication is crucial for success. The aim of this paper is to open a new path in the collaboration between the CIO community and universities to better understand the necessary set of skills a CIO must possess as well as the importance of his role in the new ICT world. Therefore, appropriate courses should be incorporated into the curricula of technical universities that most IT managers attend, which will consequently provide CIOs with a better education in communication skills.

Mixed reality (MR) is a rapidly expanding technology whose usability is constantly growing. Some applications of MR technology have already matured, while others are still in development. MR offers new possibilities in the area of interaction with objects in space. This can be used in technical solutions, especially in employee training, education, and virtual product prototyping. In addition, users can “virtually” test and train products and machines using before they even exist, which can lead to improved usability and better ergonomic design. This article provides an overview of tools and devices for building mixed reality applications. In the design part, a step-by-step manual is devoted to the creation of an MR application depicting machinery, with which it is possible to work with a hologram in a real environment. This procedure is subsequently generalized into a methodological algorithm for creating an MR application. The universal procedure can be used by designers, application programmers, but also by the general public, as a manual according to which we can import any 3D model into HoloLens 2 smart glasses. The proposed methodology offers unlimited potential for the use of MR in technical solutions.

The economic model of contemporary society is primarily linear. Natural resources are extensively extracted and distributed around the world. Once distributed, they are bought, used, and then thrown away by consumers, producing large amounts of waste. The solution may be to apply a circular economy that highlights the potential of waste. By using construction waste, it is possible to reduce the volume of construction debris in landfills, conserve primary mineral resources, save energy to obtain new raw materials, fully exploit the material potential of products and raw materials, and reduce the burden on the environment. It is already important for architects and engineers to ensure the sustainable use of natural resources in the design of new buildings, to promote the recyclability of construction elements and materials, and to use raw materials and materials that are environmentally friendly. Based on the above, the aim of the research is to investigate and analyze the impact of the use of circulating materials in the renovation of buildings and compare them from selected perspectives – economic, environmental, and social.

Progressive technologies and innovative solutions are frequent subjects of improving management processes in the construction industry. Building information modeling presents opportunities to digitize this environment as well. These technologies facilitate work with data and thus contribute to better information, based on which correct decisions can be made and project management. The research is focused on the use of building information modeling (BIM) technology in the management of construction projects and also analyzes the possible impacts on the key performance indicators of these projects. Effectiveness and performance are possible ways to measure the appropriateness of implementing and using digital tools such as BIM. The research aims to map the level of use of BIM technology in three countries where the construction industry and the construction market are approximately similar based on the production volume. The research sample is representative of projects implemented in these countries. Research data were obtained through questionnaires and interviews with project managers, who were asked to fill in the questionnaire in the same way. Data quantification was based on the Likert scale. Within the definition of cost indicators, the research focuses on operational indirect costs, i.e., sales, communication, and administrative costs.