Artificial Intelligence and Transforming Digital Marketing

The evolution of digital marketing in tourism from a mobile apps perspective has led to a shift towards personalization and targeting, the use of augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technology, and mobile-specific features such as push notifications, and in-app messaging. These developments have allowed tourism businesses to connect with potential customers in a more convenient and personalized way, through easy access to information, recommendations and offers. To achieve this, the study adopted the descriptive analytical approach of previous studies that dealt with mobile and the tourism sector. Accordingly, the results of the study showed that there is a significant and direct impact of mobile applications in developing digital tourism services, in addition to customized advertisements and activating direct communication with tourists in an easy and fast way. As the focus of this study centered on the phenomenon of mobile applications in terms of their impact on tourism and digital marketing. Accordingly, and in light of the global tourism competition, the challenges that were imposed on this sector during the Corona pandemic, and the rapid development of mobile applications and digital services, and accordingly we recommend the need to pursue future studies to keep pace with the development of digital tools and their applications, Employment in digital marketing in the service sectors.

Electronic payments are among the topics on the top of regulators’ agendas around the globe. This trend gained further momentum with the lockdown and other measures to front the COVID-19 pandemic. The current study aims to explore Kuwaiti small and medium enterprises’ expectations of e-payment services. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine participants, either founders or directors of Kuwaiti SMEs. The collected data were analyzed using phenomenological analysis. Findings revealed seven main themes: payment gateway and Infrastructure, clarity, and communications, cost, settlement Period, rigid regulation, perceived benefits, and expected services. The results are meant to give directions that the Kuwaiti Central Bank can build upon to further develop the regulatory framework and infrastructure in a manner that is more inclusive of the SME segment.

The main objective is to propose a content marketing strategy for the SMO positioning of the aforementioned company. The following investigation was applied, since a content marketing strategy was found for the digital marketing and software development company, focused on improving the SMO positioning. Also, descriptive since it is dedicated to detailing the process of content marketing. It was considered mixed, since a quantitative–qualitative analysis will be carried out. To define the study sample, the convenience type non-probabilistic sample design was used. Given the contingency due to COVID 19, it was decided to take as a sample the 10 fixed clients that the company has, as well as 13 potential clients. The techniques used were the survey with the objective of knowing the valuation of the sample. In the case of this research, a questionnaire was used as an instrument. As a result, taking into account the current diagnosis of the company’s position in the perception of customers, it was possible to show shortcomings in the content of the publications, since there is no established schedule. A single format has been used in the publications and the response from the audience has not been favorable. In the checklist it was determined that the maximum number of reactions was six. Considering that it is a page with more than 4,200 followers, the scope is not the most appropriate.

Despite being the most understudied and underutilized study area, the Sultanate of Oman has the potential to become a major player in e-commerce due to its strategic location and increasing internet penetration. Compared to other GCC countries, we face a low internet penetration of only 22% limits on e-commerce opportunities. However, as the number of internet users grows, it will open up new opportunities for Omanis and make it easier for them to be introduced to new services. This exploratory used a cross-sectional descriptive survey design to investigate Omani customers’ practices and attitudes toward e-commerce development in the Sultanate of Oman. A total of 133 people were chosen from eleven governorates in the country using cluster sampling and an online questionnaire in the Sultanate of Oman. The findings indicate good e-commerce practices and positive attitudes toward e-services/e-shopping. The top challenges identified by the study were: low consumer income, lack of control over internet usage, weak or slow network, lack of a clear legislative framework for regulating this type of trade, and the high cost of Internet access. The study recommends that the Sultanate of Oman consider good practices in e-government, e-services, and e-commerce and address the wide range of challenges.

This study aims to determine what specialist thinking will become the most crucial skill for becoming an influential marketing researcher. Some researchers, however, have conflated skills and competencies. Data collection and analysis, for example, have been represented as competencies in several earlier types of research, even though these are abilities that can be learned through training. On the other hand, competencies are natural talents (such as patience, perseverance, and critical thinking) within a person that are displayed differently from person to person. According to the findings, the most crucial abilities required to conduct successful marketing research are critical thinking and tenacity, the capacity to create other people's comprehension of the research problem, as well as crisp, precise, exact, and concise writing, and communication skills, are among the many qualities required to perform successful marketing research. The study also highlights the critical role that universities play in completing successful marketing research initiatives, particularly in the Arab world Universities should devote more attention to marketing research initiatives by investing particular money for this purpose, according to the guidelines. The study also identifies issues that Arab world researchers confront regarding English language skills and proposes that university researchers emphasise improving their English language skills.

In the eatery business, consumer loyalty can be connected straightforwardly to cafe deals; in this manner, it is critical to recognize which seen quality factors all the more emphatically influence consumer loyalty or disappointment. This Exploration paper is to realize about the purchaser’s inclination on Feasting in a cafe and requesting food utilizing on the web food conveyance applications. This study assists with distinguishing the variables that influence the client’s choice on eating in the cafe and request food on the web. Factors like assortment of food varieties, amount of food, Vibe of the cafe and cleanliness were the elements that influence customer’s choice on eating the eatery. What’s more, nature of food, quick conveyance, deals and limits, expectation issues were the fundamental causes that influence the customer's choice on requesting food on the web.

Circular economics goes beyond sustainability and green economics. The green economy prioritizes investments, employment, and skills for sustainable economic growth. A green economy is one whose economic operations aim towards sustainability without hurting the environment through lowering environmental hazards and environmental scarcities. Circular economies prevent extracting, producing, and disposing of resources. The circular economy reduces waste by making products durable, reusable, repairable, and refurbishable and using recyclable materials. In recent years, technologies have been used to promote circular economies and resilience, where productive and economic development does not depend entirely on intense natural resource use and waste creation.

This paper aims to investigate recent aspects of entrepreneurship and innovation in Jordan. Furthermore, this paper differs from other work on the subject in that it examines entrepreneurship and innovation from a more global perspective, with the permissible international outcome.

A market for wearable technology has developed as the marketing industry works to connect with mobile consumers. This industry would require businesses to create and enhance marketing strategies in the sector, as well as significant innovation initiatives in the field of digital marketing. The wearable tech business has made significant strides in its development, which enables researchers to do more studies on the topic. This article aimed to determine the factors that influence customer buying intention towards smartwatches among the most prominent wearables in urban Bangalore. A sample of 163 respondents was selected using the convenience sampling method among the students and young professionals residing in Urban Bangalore. Multiple regressions were applied to determine the relationship between the independent variables and the intention to purchase a smartwatch. The results show that there is a significant and positive relationship between independent variables’ perceived usefulness, ease of use, fashion product, product feature, health and fitness tracker, and dependent variable customer buying intention towards smartwatches.

The combination of solar cells with semi-transparent windows allows for multifunctional usage, such as power generation and natural light penetration, resulting in enhanced total energy efficiency. The effectiveness of semi-transparent structures with integrated photovoltaic windows on office building facades in Bahrain's subtropical desert environment was investigated in this study. The thermal performance and electrical capacity of semi-transparent integrated photovoltaic solar windows were investigated using parametric research. The COMSOL coupled solver was used to execute 3D fluid-thermal-electric multiphysics simulations for five design window geometries. The computational findings were compared to data from the manufacturer. The effects of glazing type, insulation gas type, and photovoltaic cell insertion on the thermal performance of the window were quantitatively investigated under various weather conditions, including solar irradiance and air temperature. The findings showed that krypton-filled triple-glazing windows with integrated PV might provide better thermal insulation. Furthermore, they demonstrated improved thermal performance. At 1000 W/m2, the highest electrical efficiency of the PV module is 17.61%, and the maximum produced power is 248.42 W. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that semi-transparent window glazing is effective and saves 12% on energy.

The marketing field is rapidly developing with the advancement of internet and social media platforms. As a result, new digital marketing tools are being used such as social media influencer marketing. Influencers are individuals who are shaping the customer’s preferences and opinions through sharing photos and videos related to a specific product. This paper is focusing on social media influencers and how they are impacting purchase intention. The study evaluates how credibility factors such as attractiveness, expertise and trustworthiness are having an effect on the purchase decision. The research methodology of this study is based on literature review. It concludes that the effect of these factors is positive to the purchase intention.

According to James Brown, the executive director of the STEM Education Coalition in Washington, D.C., “STEM is the future of the economy. “There will be work there in the future.“ That claim is supported by data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). It is anticipated that between 2012 and 2022, employment in professions related to STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) will increase to more than 9 million. That represents an increase in employment of roughly 1 million jobs from 2012 levels. This article examines roughly 100 professions from a list compiled by a group made up of representatives from various federal agencies, giving readers an overview of STEM work. The article’s introduction provides a succinct overview of the subjects of computer science, engineering, mathematics, and the life and physical sciences. The second half of the report contains information on the STEM professions with the highest employment, as well as predicted job vacancies and growth. The benefits and difficulties of STEM job are covered in the third part. How to get ready for a profession in a STEM field is covered in the fourth section. The article’s conclusion includes a list of references for additional information.

Big data processing, vast computing power, information technology, improved machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms are driving the recent growth in AI technologies. With more conventional methods, Google would not have been able to reduce its field device management costs by 40% as much as it has by deploying deep-mind AI technologies. The energy sector can benefit from AI technology by utilizing the expanding opportunities that result from the use of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the incorporation of renewable energy sources. Supercomputers, power electronics, cyber technologies, information, and bi-directional connectivity between the control center and equipment are only a few of the sophisticated infrastructures available to the smart energy sector. The infrastructures of the current electricity system are too old, ineffective, outdated, unreliable, and do not offer enough protection from fault circumstances. But energy production, distribution strategy, and financial sustainability are crucial for the world economy. The integration of renewable energy sources was not intended to be managed by the conventional power system (RES). Meeting the fluctuating demands of the power system is made more difficult by changes in the characteristics of RES (such as wind, solar, geothermal, and hydrogen). The energy sector is undergoing a change thanks to recent developments in AI technologies, such as machine learning, deep learning, IoT, big data, etc. Many nations have implemented AI technology to carry out many types of jobs, including managing, predicting, and effective power system operations. Photovoltaic (PV) systems may be controlled effectively by inverters thanks to, which also improves the ability to track power points. Artificial maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques are efficient and can improve performance compared to conventional MPPT techniques. Due of its simplicity and speed of calculation, particle swarm optimization for MPPT is preferred by swarm intelligence classes Predictive technologies are frequently used to anticipate load demand, electricity costs, generation from RES (such as wind, hydro, solar, and geothermal energy), as well as fossil fuels (such as oil, natural gas, and coal). Probabilistic forecasting (forecasting future events, for example) and non-probabilistic forecasting (forecasting fuel purchase management, generation planning, distribution scheduling, various forms of investment programs, maintenance schedules, and security purposes) are both possible.

This study objective is to ascertain the service quality provided by Conex for exhibitions through dimension of trust, reliability, responsiveness and efficiency, design and price. These variables represented the independent, and these variables were examined with how affected the dependent variable, which a measure of trade shows participants satisfaction. The size of the population was (350) companies. A total of 240 questionnaire were distributed, the size of the study sample analyzed was (199) companies, in this study we used simple random sampling method to communicate with the respondents. The results showed that the impact of the is statistically significant service quality of all the dimensions covered in this study, which is provided by Conex Company, in addition to the price on their customer’s satisfaction, and it has a strong positive connection to the dependent variable, with the contribution of (61.5%). Study recommends that Conex Company should develop the capabilities of its employees to offer the best services possible satisfy their customers, as well as the continuity of innovation and development in the designs of the participant's booth to meet their satisfaction.

Machine-enabled functionalities are being pushed to the limit by artificial intelligence (AI). This cutting-edge technology enables machines to do iterative tasks with a degree of autonomy, resulting in a more efficient use of resources. Next-generation workplaces rely on seamless communication between the enterprise system and employees, thanks to the help of artificial intelligence (AI). This means that human resources are not going away; they are being enhanced by new technology. When it comes to freeing up resources, AI is a boon to organizations. This study is focusing on the use of AI to reduce costs and be more effective and make people focus on more important tasks instead, it will reveal the future of applying AI in medical and education sectors. Thus, it will give more insight for people interested on the AI about how they can know its applications at the present and the future. The study went through main concepts of AI to make it easier for the reader to understand how it works. Then, the study revealed that education has a lot of AI applications coming in the next future in the teaching, and assessment methods. Moreover, the study revealed that medicine have a promising AI application in the coming future in the cardiology, pulmonology, and all other fields.

The study aims to identify data journalism, its types and importance, the role of the Corona pandemic in increasing the importance of data journalism, and the developments in data journalism in the Arab world. The greatest impact in changing many journalistic practices, and “data journalism” is one of these new phenomena that modern communication technology has mainly helped in developing and presenting in different, more interactive and attractive forms. Data journalism relies mainly on analyzing available data and numbers and embodying them in tables, curves, maps and other visual forms, to allow new facts and news that would not have been easy to obtain without those numbers. The study also revealed that data journalism is one of the tools that facilitated the interpretation and presentation of health topics. In addition to presenting news stories by processing large sets of data.

The study aims to identify the nature of digital public relations (PR) and the different means of communication in addressing the crises facing different institutions, and the study reached several results, the most important of which are: Digital public relations plays an important role in crisis management, as it is the link between the masses of the crisis and the crisis management team, administratively and in the media. Institutions that have prior plans for crisis management view the media as a good way to solve crises through the masses’ knowledge of all information. Public relations is the art and science of communicating with the public benefiting from the services of an organization at a time of prosperity or crises in order to gain their confidence and build a mental image and the good reputation of the enterprise because it is the first line of defense that protects institutions when exposed to crises.

This paper aims to identify the factors that relate to causing road traffic accidents to reach sustainable smart cities—this issue is significant to society and people. To that end, the paper pro-poses a model for uncovering such factors using big data analytics lifecycle: discovery, data preparation, model planning, model building, communication of results, and operationalization. In other words, the paper presents a simplified methodology taking advantage of the big data analysis life cycle and the velocity of analyzing data to reduce traffic accidents—velocity is the most important characteristic of big data. The velocity in analyzing data and identifying the factors that relate to causing car accidents helps decision-makers quickly make appropriate decisions. Worthy of mentioning that Google Data Studio (GDS) was used here to produce the visualizations and reports needed. Hopefully, researchers will build on this methodology in the future to achieve sustainability, to propose a more inclusive and effective methodology to minimize the negative effects of traffic accidents in the smart cities.

The main objective of this study is to examine the effects of leadership style on employee sustainable bahaviour of employees from a theoretical perspective. The literature evaluation served as the foundation for the predicted relationship between transformational leadership, transactional leadership, and e employee sustainable behaviour. The study contributes to the existing literature review on adding information to the theories of leadership. More study is needed to offer a more complete picture of these interactions. Much of the future research that has to be done has been determined because of the study’s limitations. Further research is needed to understand the link between transactional leadership style, psychological empowerment, job satisfaction, and employee sustainable behaviour.

Smart cities involve information and communication technology (ICT) as the main features. The Internet of Things and 5G will aid smart sensing gadgets by allowing them to connect quickly and securely. Nevertheless, a significant problem in this industry will always be the requirement for active sensing devices that are self-powered and sustainable sources. Piezoelectric energy-harvesting systems are intriguing prospects for creating smart and active self-powered sensors with a variety of applications in addition to powering wireless sensor nodes sustainably. This paper presents a study on sustainable power generation based on the footstep utilizing a piezoelectric sensor. The harvester is made up of a piezoelectric oscillator that is self-biased to control the transistor’s switching frequency and amplitude in the boost converter. This device enables the controlling of the output DC voltage in a simple manner that does not require any biasing external source. Piezoelectric-Based Footstep Power Generation Systems can play an important role in providing energy to smart cities. This research highlights their contribution towards sustainable smart cities while offering a blueprint for integrating footstep power generation systems into urban infrastructure.

The streets in a city are important because they determine how people get about. Structures, people, vehicles, utilities, greenery, signs, furniture, and lighting are all accommodated. The emergence of compact and sustainable cities is largely attributable to the close relationship between urban design and sustainability, with streets constituting most of the public realm in most communities. Both cities and streets exist. Introducing sustainable urban streets can make cities more hospitable for residents. Sustainable streets are multimodal rights of way that are planned, built, and maintained to provide positive outcomes in the areas of transportation, ecology, and community as part of a larger sustainability agenda that prioritizes environmental protection, social justice, and economic vitality. This paper’s focus is on determining methods for incorporating sustainable design requirements into city roadways. This paper will argue for the improved sustainability of urban streets by providing a more general definition of sustainability. Taking into account and evaluating sustainable principles can help urban streets serve people, communities, the economy, and the environment in a more positive way. Using these guidelines for eco-friendly street planning, we’ll examine few streets as case studies in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Therefore, a complete street upgrade is unquestionably necessary to guarantee a good sustainable street design. The paper concludes with some suggestions for developing the main components of sustainable streets that are derived from the theoretical study in order to design a sustainable street for a livable community.

Pollution threatens the planet. The report discusses how green rhetoric dominates social media sites like Twitter. We don’t worry about environmental impacts when buying a product since we have an egoistic value that doesn’t allow us to alter. Thus, social media raises awareness of green items that are ecologically friendly if they are marketed as carbon-free and sustainable. Objective: To study how green rhetoric can affect consumer attitudes to promote ecologically friendly products. The study examines how people talk about “green” products. This study helps designers of environmentally friendly items create better products that give more sustainable long-term pollution solutions. The study must be relevant to the environment because it supports sustainable development. Analysis: Topic analysis using Twitter API hashtag data scraping is the study’s analysis. NVIVO coding references helped analyse. Findings: People’s attitudes toward green products are mostly positive with some neutral aspects that cannot be analysed. Conclusion: Social media influences green product management. The findings suggest individuals like green items. Implications: This research helps brands to understand consumer behaviour for green products. This research helps the researchers, policy makers to understand the people’s sentiment to process critical information regarding big data in regards to product sustainability.

The spread of Covid-19, which began in early 2020, has an impact on Malaysian tourism development. Destination planners and managers are fully aware of the problem with the extremely fragmented tourism industry’s lack of coordination and cohesion [1]. Traditional methods of engaging people in participatory planning exercises are limited in their reach and scope. Simultaneously, socio-cultural trends and technological innovation provide opportunities to rethink the status quo in master planning [2, 3]. This advanced tool is used as an instrument to monitor and coordinate the entire project planning process through all stakeholders, including the community, via the internet. Currently, there is the potential to embark on online master planning in the digital world by integrating BIM into GIS to design, monitor, and coordinate at any time. Building information modelling (BIM) is frequently used in the tourism industry as a result of the industry’s use of information and communication technologies. The systematic application of BIM in the tourism sector, on the other hand, is fraught with difficulties. In the context of the tourism industry, this project uses BIM to create strategic planning in Malaysia’s Setiu Wetland, Terengganu. The initial strategies are based on a thorough review of the relevant literature. A BIM modeler, town planner, architect, engineer, contractor (AEC), project manager, programme manager, and the Setiu Wetland in-charge were all interviewed, yielding a total of 30 effective experts with diverse backgrounds. The seven essential methods identified were financial support, clearly defined plans and objectives for implementing BIM competencies and BIM-related skills, collaborative BIM execution, managing project modifications and risks, organizational and delivery mechanisms to ensure BIM implementation, and government policy and incentives to encourage BIM implementation. The additional main component analysis categories the strategies and identifies latent characteristics like institutional governance, change adaptation, technological environment, cooperation, and resources. This conclusion demonstrates that the tourism industry’s context is inextricably linked to systematic BIM deployment, and that improving the way BIM is currently used in business requires adopting managerial, institutional, and technical techniques to adapt to change. The findings have implications for BIM adoption in the tourism industry and may increase productivity. The findings of this investigation, which is still ongoing. This investigation’s findings are based on the most recent information available. Building information modelling (BIM) will be used to validate data in the future to ensure the sustainability of wetland tourism.

The Malaysian construction industry is working to create a more sustainable built environment in response to the worldwide agendas for ‘Sustainable Development’ (SD) and ‘Sustainable Development Goals’ (SDGs). In tandem with SDG 17—Partnerships for the Goals, a mechanism or an instrument must be in place to bring industry participants together to cultivate a sustainable construction ecosystem in both processes and the end result, i.e., ‘green’ or sustainable buildings. This paper focuses on the role of contracts in meeting these objectives; particularly the construction industry’s prevalently used standard contract forms. This study aims to determine how Malaysia’s most used standard contract forms could be improved to meet the specific needs, approaches, and risks of green building construction. In Malaysia, no standard form has yet been developed specifically for green building projects. This study employed doctrinal legal research methodology to highlight the gaps in the standard contract instruments and recommend a solution using descriptive analysis, content analysis, and analytical analysis approaches. The relevant Malaysian rating tools were examined and critically evaluated within the common structure of the standard contract forms. These analyses developed a model framework of a ‘green’ standard form of contract for use in green building construction in Malaysia. The model framework allows green-specific terms and conditions to be added to the standard forms as the governing contract. It recommends areas and strategies for a well-drafted green standard form of contract for green building projects in Malaysia.

In software development, obfuscation is one of the most straightforward approaches developers use to protect the source code and the property. This paper discusses obfuscation techniques in web applications from a security perspective. Various obfuscation methods can be grouped into three main obfuscation technique types. We analysed the effect of the obfuscation technique on web technology in terms of intellectual property, malicious code, and attacks. Obfuscation techniques are exposed to reverse engineering and the use of malicious code, which results in multiple defence solutions with the use of obfuscation for firmer resistance that will be proposed in this paper.

Heritage is seen as a major component of quality of life, features that give a city its unique character and provide the sense of belonging that lies at the core of cultural identity. In other words, heritage by providing important social and psychological benefits enrich human life with meanings and emotions and raise quality of life as a key component of sustainability. This paper deals with the phenomena of the changes in the facades of heritage buildings which are subjected to distortion and loss, to conserve them because they are the important facet of our culture and identity. First, the paper presents the planning studies for the case study which is in the Northwest part of the old city center of Alexandria, Egypt. Next, deduce some analytical studies which will shed light on the current state of the case study. Then, conducting an architectural study for the heritage buildings in the case study in relation to the elements of the architecture in the external facade. Through these studies, we would be able to deduce that a lot of changes have occurred in these heritage buildings. Finally, the paper is ended by general results and recommendations which help us to control these changes and to stress the existing links between cultural heritage and sustainable development.

The pandemic Covid-19 is about to alter the planet entirely, negatively impact the global economy, decrease mental health, and increase stress as well as reduce quality of education. The study focuses on two crucial risk factors in stress by examining financial issues and online learning as the major factors behind university students’ stress during pandemic covid-19. Two hundred self-administered questionnaires were distributed to obtain quantitative data. Google Form was used to build the questionnaire. The questionnaire was then circulated via messaging apps like WhatsApp, Telegram, Facebook and Instagram. The partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) software version 3.6 was used for hypothesis testing. A total of 120 questionnaires represented of 60% response rate and useable data for further analysis. The survey result shows that financial issues have a more significant effect on stress than online learning. Path regression coefficient indicated that financial issues were the most important predictors of stress among university students. These results allow us to understand crucial risk factors in students stress to better and drive us to substantially consider them in time-oriented policy and plan for the management of the education system may decrease the stress of university students. Future research and practice implications and recommendations will be presented.

Along with the growth of times like today, where communication and information technology continues to develop, the internet has become a trend for many consumers before making a purchase process. Every company wants the level of product sales to increase every year. There are many things that can influence consumer purchasing decisions. However, in this study will only examine several variables that can influence consumer buying decisions. Several things that can be done by a company to increase product sales are product innovation, web interestingness, electronic word of mouth, and electronic trust (e-trust). This variable was chosen because it is widely used as a reference by consumers in the online purchasing decision process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of product innovation, web attractiveness, electronic word of mouth, and e-trust on purchasing decisions. The sample of this study were 142 customers. This explanatory quantitative research with data collection using a questionnaire and analysis techniques using SPSS. The results showed that all variables had a significant positive effect on purchasing decisions.

Patriarchy—male dominance in all aspects—a powerful and dominant concept that existed from the beginning of humanity, has started diminishing its sharpness and intensity over the years. Even though, this very notion still prevails in society in different forms it makes an explicit hindrance to the development and advancement of women in the public and private sector of society. For many decades, women were behind the shadow of men, and begin to explore the world where they excel through their talents, efficiency, and merit. Hence, it’s high time to evaluate and understand the nuances of the patriarchal dimension in the progress and empowerment of women who has a significant and prolific role to play in the process of nation-building from a wider perspective. This review paper attempts to describe and analyze how patriarchy makes obstacles to the growth and progress of women in society. In addition to that, this paper encapsulates the impact of patriarchy on the economic and social sectors of society as economic and social features are the inevitable features and pillars of sustainability. Finally, this article will conclude with some of the recommendations and insights which lend a hand to the promotion and furtherance of women who can be molded as the champion of change in society and add value and uniqueness to their own lives in a large sense.

The purpose of this study is to explain the concept of sukuk, show the benefits of sukuk issuance in the economy, and highlight some key features of sukuk markets as opposed to bond markets. The study also explored two types of sukuk: asset-based sukuk and asset-backed sukuk. The sukuk market is one of the alternative tools for investment and fundraising activities around the world due to its flexibility and the Sharia compliance mechanisms associated with its application.

Empirical studies investigating the impact of colour hue, saturation, and value on consumers’ purchase intention and emotional state of mind, are widely addressed in scientific experiments, from advertising to sociology and psychology. However, the evidence base for the web banner advertisement from colour hue, saturation, and value perspective impact enrichment on consumers’ pleasure, arousal, and dominance emotional state of mind has not been widely investigated in marketing literature. The present study, which considers the colour combination as one significant factor in designing web banner ads, draws together evidence on the impact of the web banner advertisement with the combination of colour hue, saturation, and value impact on consumer’ emotional state of mind and purchase intention under the umbrella of “Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns” 12th sustainable development goals. With no robust models currently available to evaluate how colour hue, saturation, and value combinations of web banner advertisement impacts consumers’ purchase intention and emotional state of mind, this systematic review consolidates the research that has measured correlates of web banner ads in colour hue, saturation, and value measures the consumers’ emotional state of mind. This study aims to assess how previously published studies investigated and concluded the impact of colour hue, saturation, and value on consumers’ purchase intention and emotional state of mind. The systematic review found five studies met full-text selection criteria. Following the discussion from the reviewed papers, the researcher argues that it is necessary to consider the colour hue, saturation, and value to understand better the isolated colours’ impacts on consumers’ purchase intention and emotional state of mind. In this regard, to summarise those papers’ main findings and future directions, the researcher describes novel approaches and insights to explore further how colour hue, saturation, and value can contribute to developing web banner advertisements in the marketing context. This may contribute to the literature and practice about developing web banner advertisements following the assessed colours.

This study aims to substantiate that the success of environmental sustainability is related to people’s knowledge and behavior towards environment as well as governmental action which of which environmental sustainability is embodied in UNESCO ESD Roadmap 2030. Descriptive research design is used to gather information through survey, guided questions and observations of practices done with the respondents. Data were analyzed quantitatively, where descriptive and linear regression methods were applied. Descriptive statistics measured information such as percentages and means while Pearson correlations and R-Square were employed in testing association between variables. Hypotheses were analyzed through multiple linear regression using Stata Version 17 software. Multiple linear regression is used to understand the strength of the relationship between two or more independent variables and one dependent variable, In this case, the relationship of the independent variables—environmental knowledge, behavior and government action to the dependent variable which is the environmental sustainability. Major findings proved that achieving environmental sustainability will be successful if both government and people will work hand in hand to ensure prevention of environmental degradation. However, on people’ part, committing to environmental sustainability and sustainability of action would require knowledge of ecology. Another important factor is people’s behavior toward environment which has been supported by other studies as critical for promoting environmental sustainability. With knowledge comes the behavior to choose what is good or detrimental to the environment. People’s behavior can be positive or negative where positive attitude are attitudes that lead to environmental preservation thus, improving the quality of environment while negative attitude are actions that harm the environment. Lastly, government actions, are very crucial in promoting environmental sustainability as they are the ones that can impose laws and regulations and further implement them along with sufficient funding in order to protect the environment.

The processes of natural restructuring, crisis economic phenomena that take place in Ukraine have a negative impact on the economic situation. Under such conditions, it is relevant to study new approaches, principles, theoretical and methodological provisions regarding the directions and perspectives of entrepreneurship development at the destination level, as well as the development of innovative and investment forms of entrepreneurial activity in the field of tourism and recreation. The article determines that the scientific basis that defines the strategic development of Ukraine in the foreseeable future is the concept of tourism development based on the use of initiative, economic independence and innovative capabilities of business entities of the national market and its territorial and sectoral constituentsIt has been established that entrepreneurship in the field of tourism and recreation creates opportunities for further economic development of regions, formation of investment and innovation policy and provision of competitive services in new forms. The singularities of forming the entrepreneurial concept of tourism and recreational activities have been determined. With the purpose of developing the tourism and recreational industries of Ukraine and providing better tourism services, the article proposes an innovative form of methodology for the formation of a competitive tourism environment at the destination level using the marketing principles of customer focus. The author proposes a managerial and economic mechanism for carrying out entrepreneurial activities by the means of recreation and tourism entities at the level of destinations.

Each and every terminology connected to human aspect has a tendency to connect to its roots—Nature. Terms like ‘Global Village’ imply the connect to everything. Living in a multiple ecosystem, all its internal and external connections that might be overlooked in an attempt to manage and implement managerial strategy effectively. In short, in enduring times, people always look for satisfying their outmost desire and needs which counterparts their willingness to accept the situation or not. The global environment has taken a setback on the willingness of people especially corporates in adopting a strategy which will help them to endure the present scenario with minimal setback. Corporates as Global leaders look into solutions like RUPT to overcome the challenges with one right solution. The study attempts to unleash the relation that will arise out of the challenges that RUPT has offered corporates to decide on a better and correct environmental sustainability programme for its organisation. The study reveals the challenges and solutions that RUPT has to offer in the context of environmental sustainability. The study attempts to reveal the benefit at the increased level in creating consciousness of both the environmental and professional aspects of the large and small enterprises alike who are under pressure to contribute for the greater good.

The objective of this study is to explore the relationship between the board of directors’ characteristics, audit committee characteristics, and financial performance of companies listed on the Palestine Exchange (PEX). Return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) were used to proxy financial performance. The characteristics of the board were indicated by the proportion of non-executive directors and the board’s size, whereas the characteristics of the audit committee were depicted by the number of non-executive members in the audit committee, the financial expertise of the audit committee, the frequency of audit committee meetings, and the size of the audit committee. To meet the purpose of the study, all companies listed on the exchange that published annual reports between 2011 and 2015 were analyzed. The analysis revealed that board size is negatively significantly related to ROE; audit committee meetings are significantly associated with ROE; firm size is negatively associated with ROA; a positive relationship between leverage and ROE is observed, but only at the 10% significance level; and other relationships with financial performance are statistically insignificant. This implies that the results are in most of its parts inconsistent with agency theory and resource dependence theory. This might be because corporate governance mechanisms in Palestine are still cosmetic mechanisms.

Efficiency of human capital determined by Education standard of living and most importantly Health. Health infrastructure is an essential factor to connect health input and health output. Health input has been taken through preventive methods or curative methods. To access these method country needs equipped health infrastructure. Present study analyses the existence of health infrastructure and its association with health Outcome. Study period taken into account for the present study is pandemic period. Physical public Health infrastructure like availability of Sub Centres, primary health Centres and Community health Centres in rural and urban area taken in to account. In the case of health workforce Nurses, Doctors, Lab technician and Pharmacists in position considered for this analysis. Health outcome variable such as Infant Mortality Rate, Birth Rate and Death rate used for analysis to find out the relationships. Study identified that there is a strong correlation between health infrastructure in rural and urban area of Karnataka with Health outcomes. Research also identified that there is close connection between availability of health workforce and health outcome during the study period.

Local economic development for relatively long period of time. Tourism also allows rapid recovery of local economy after COVID-19 outbreak. Amongst different kinds of approaches for tourism development, smart tourism destination (STD) has been widely believed as an excellent approach to rapidly recover tourism sector during post-pandemic. STD concept also allows improvement of adaptive capacity that is critical to anticipate any future disturbances including the unpredicted ones. However, a question remains regarding the readiness of local communities for implementing STD. Therefore, this research aims to address this gap by examining the readiness of managers of community-based tourism in the Special Region of Yogyakarta province, Indonesia. An online survey was conducted to collect data from various community-based tourism destinations located in this region. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to measure the overall readiness of community-based tourism to implement STD. For triangulation purpose, interviews were conducted to complement the online survey.

Innovation in the public sector coincided with different waves of administrative reforms which can be due to technological change, restructuring, and Open Innovation (OI). The OI process revolves around new forms of knowledge inflows and outflows that accelerate interior innovation and expand the markets for the external use of innovation. OI within the public sector is an umbrella term that describes processes, outcomes, and business models of a new form of innovation creation. The Gulf Cooperation Council Countries (GCC) vision is framed around innovation and transformation of the public sector to ensure competitiveness. The significance of this research stems from its contribution to explore the factors and outcomes of innovation in the public sector within different regions. This review outlined key thematic angles, models, factors, and research methods of OI and innovation outcomes in public sector. The systematic review included 191 articles extracted from Google scholar, Scopus, and ScienceDirect data bases, that were published from 1990 to 2022. The existing research shows there were limited publications in this domain in the Middle East and GCC. This paper attempts to shed light on the enablers for fostering public sector innovation through harnessing OI. The findings of this review contribute to framing PSI and OI in the digital era.

Digitalization is the application of technology to promote efficiency and long-term competitive advantage. There is a consensus that corporate governance is all about transparency, accountability, and people. But how has the digital revolution impacted the business world and particularly how the artificial intelligence and big data could influence corporations’ corporate governance? The purpose of our study is to examine the influence of digitization on corporate governance. Besides, to check if the advantages outweigh the implications and to identify what are the associated factors and risks.

This research article aims to review the relationship between corporate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure and firm performance. The study looked at three aspects of a company’s performance: return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), and Tobin’s Q. In addition, the goal of this study is to investigate how ESG and public disclosures of mismanagement to various stakeholders have influenced a company’s market valuation, which we use as one of the indicators of shareholder wealth. The findings also imply that governance-related issues lower market valuations more than environmental and social issues, with the latter two remaining value neutral throughout the study period. At the same time, the substantial gap between the minimum and maximum in the examined event windows suggests that the materiality of ESG problems remains a significant consideration.

Cryptocurrencies are increasingly utilized by investors and financial institutions worldwide. The current paper proposes a prediction model for a cryptocurrency that encompasses three properties observed in the markets for cryptocurrencies—namely high volatility, illiquidity, and regime shifts. By using Ito calculus, we provide a solution for the suggested stochastic differential equation (SDE) along with a proof. Moreover, numerical simulations are performed and are compared to the real data, which seems to capture the dynamics of the price path of a cryptocurrency in the real markets.

The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of COVID-19 on the efficiency, effectiveness, and productivity of motorcycle taxi drivers in the Paramonga-Lima district. The study applied a face-to-face survey to 166 motorcycle taxi workers over 18 years of age. The efficiency, efficacy and productivity indices were constructed using the multivariate statistical method of Multiple Correspondence Analysis; therefore, to test the hypothesis, the MANCOVA was used. The results show that all ages are productive, the most productive being motorcycle taxi drivers who are between 18 and 29 years old and in good health; It also indicates that those who were vaccinated and used a mask show stable efficacy, efficiency and productivity, with higher productivity. Likewise, having been vaccinated against COVID 19, having had protective measures and being infected with COVID-19 have no effect on efficiency, effectiveness and labor productivity when age is controlled. Therefore, there is a resilience on the part of motorcycle taxi drivers in the face of the pandemic crisis.

Financial assets are belongings obtained through ownership of securities reflecting another company’s equity or through contracts that provide for future cash flows. In the present study, an investigation was made among the equity traders in Bangalore to understand their socio-economic background, awareness level, and investment priorities. The current study also examined the dependence of equity investors on financial intermediaries. Primary data collection among 200 respondents was conducted using a structured questionnaire. A cluster sampling technique is used to identify the samples. The results help to understand the influence of awareness level on the equity investment decisions.

A rise in the amount of attention dedicated to financial technology (Fintech) services has been seen in recent years. Because of the inherent risks associated with Fintech, several people are skeptical about its widespread acceptance. However, although many financial experts and practitioners believe that Fintech will have a substantial influence. We need to understand why consumers are thrilled or nervous about using financial technology, as well as what factors influence their choice to accept or reject services. A benefit-risk approach is proposed, which takes into account both the good and negative aspects of its implementation. It is based on the net valence framework, which is conceptually anchored in the idea of reasoned action. This study analyzes whether perceived advantage and risk have a major influence on the motivation to utilize Fintech technology using empirical data obtained from Fintech users. Following that, as per our findings, legal risk has the biggest negative influence on Fintech adoption intentions, while convenience has the highest favorable impact. The differences in behavior between early and late adopters might be attributed to a variety of variables, including legal risk and convenience.

Financial technology (FinTech) is a terminology used for applying technology in financial aspects. This technology started in its early days being very vague and unreliable, nowadays almost all financial institutes apply it in their operation. Added to that, it became so reliable that even small and medium enterprises use it in their transactions and asset management. Regulating authorities in certain sectors made the use of FinTech mandatory for daily operation of those sectors. The importance of this technology is growing rapidly to become mandatory in most of the sectors around the world. The investment in financial technology companies raised from 1200 million USD in 2008 up until 12,200 million USD in 2014 within a time frame of six years this increase was around 10 times and analysts claim that this figure will keep increasing every year (Truong in How FinTech industry is changing the world, 2016). Recently, FinTech is the scale by which the development of the financial institutes is measured at. The ease and readily availability of this technology on mobile devices saved not only time but it threatened the existence of face-to-face transactions. This study will cover a literature in which the evolution, types, success factors and models of FinTech in which a thorough look is given to these elements based on existing studies.

FinTech (Financial Technology) is the state-of-the-art technology used by businesses to improve their financial services. The changing customer behaviour towards digital platforms, the increase in the financial service businesses on the digital platforms, the availability of banking options on mobile, and the advent of COVID-19 has further increased the adoption of Fintech by Bahrain and several other countries. The increase in the demand for digital technologies has increased the challenges and issues also in shifting towards the digital technologies such as Fintech. The study work described in this article assesses the potential impact of the advancements in the Fintech on Bahrain’s financial industry. The study is focused at identifying the challenges faced by the Bahrain’s FinTech firms and other such innovators in implementing the Fintech, assessing the current developments and implementations of Fintech in Bahrain, identifying gaps in the existing research, and proposing a FinTech investment model. The article is based around carrying out a critical review of the relevant articles to understand the key aspects of Fintech in Bahrain and other countries such as the challenges faced, current state of development, scope of Fintech in Bahrain, viewpoints on Fintech by different researchers, etc. The study work provides a comprehensive understanding of various aspects of FinTech for licensees, FinTech firms, FinTech start-ups, and other innovators to utilize FinTech services and solutions in their operations.

Encouraging renewable energy (RE) in agricultural technology, like wind, solar, hydro-driven water pumps, solar water heaters, solar dryers for post-harvest processing, greenhouse heating and cooling, and lighting applications, might lessen climate change and its effects. However, switching the agriculture from non-renewable to renewable energy based presents a number of difficulties. Remote management, monitoring, and control of distributed solar and wind energy resources are now possible due to advancements in Internet of Things (IoT) technology. For areas of the world that experience power shortages, designing solar and wind energy systems based on the Internet of Things is crucial. An IoT-based solar, wind, and renewable energy system for a smart farm was suggested in this study. A prototype was created, constructed, and tested with the intention of validating the proposed system. Additionally, it was developed an interfaced system for wireless monitoring to enable a remote user to conveniently check on a farm from a computer or a mobile device.

Virtual laboratory simulation for electronic circuit is essential for students to simulate a circuit anytime and anywhere unlike physical laboratory. In this paper, a virtual laboratory for basic electronic courses based on Java is developed. An interactive virtual simulator focusing on the topics of series and parallel diodes is designed. All electronic components are virtualized using Java Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT) which enabling users to build and draw circuits on demand. Then, users can obtain results immediately such as voltage drop, current and power values. Users will also be able to observe the simulation for current flow and voltage drop in the circuit. A number of default experiments focusing on series and parallel diodes were available for users. This virtual simulator is suitable for all students that are interested in learning the fundamental of electronic circuit using their computer while not worrying on issues such as space needs, equipment needs, scheduling logistics, safety concerns and resource sharing. Adopting digital technologies in higher education is integral to developing sustainable teaching and learning processes, such as those found with online simulation tools like Virtual Simulator for Series and Parallel Diodes as an invaluable asset in supporting sustainable e-learning; creating more resilient digital infrastructure which supports sustainable teaching/learning processes in higher education institutions. This research contributes to our collective knowledge on optimizing digital transformation for sustainability purposes within higher education environments.

Water management plays an essential role in creating intelligent and sustainable cities. Low flow in the pipeline due to pipe leakage lets germs and viruses from the environment into the drinking water system. The major cause of avoidable diseases is water contamination in pipes. The pipeline needs a better web-based water monitoring system to keep drinking water from getting contaminated. Hence, this paper proposed a webserver-based pipeline water monitoring system. The IoT platform uses a webserver to monitor water quality in real-time. IoT collects and tracks data wirelessly. It improved lifestyle control, especially smart-device communication. This paper aims to develop a system to alert authorities, enhance web-based water monitoring systems, and detect water quality and pipe flow using sensors. Flow, pH, temperature, and turbidity sensors are used in this project. pH, temperature, and turbidity sensor ranges meet WHO guidelines. Data prints on LCD and webserver. The parameters will be graphs, and it will continuously output ten pieces of data. Arduino to NodeMCU data transmission takes about seven milliseconds. If water quality is low, the buzzer and red LED will activate. Green LED lights up if the water is good. This proposed project may be employed in a variety of industries. Explored are the larger implications of Smart Water Quality Monitoring Systems on urban sustainability, noting their potential to enhance public health, ensure equitable water distribution and conserve scarce water resources. Furthermore, IoT-based solutions hold great promise in revolutionising water management practices as part of sustainable smart cities development strategies.

The global coronavirus epidemic continues to affect the planet. COVID 19 is a disease that primarily affects the patient's respiratory system and decreases immune system performance. As the coronavirus (Covid-19) epidemic grows, technological applications and initiatives are proliferating in an attempt to keep the situation under control, treat patients effectively, and aid overburdened healthcare personnel while finding new, effective vaccines. As the first significant pandemic of the twenty-first century, Covid-19 provides a unique chance for policymakers and regulatory agencies to consider the legal feasibility, moral soundness, and usefulness of deploying innovative technology under time constraints. Maintaining public trust in evidence-based public health treatments will require striking the proper balance. The goal of this study is to design and create a self-contained smart disinfection tunnel using IoT technologies. A thermal temperature scanner, sprinkler tunnel, hand sanitizer, mask supplier, health indicator, and QR code scanner are all part of the proposed research. This research could help prevent and control future pandemics of compatible events.

The forces that are acting on a tool throughout the process of metal cutting are extremely important. An understanding of these forces can help to estimate the power required when cutting, as well as helping to ensure the subsequent structures are free from vibration and are adequately rigid. Several techniques have been utilised to model the responses throughout the metal cutting process. Adopting soft computing approaches has driven the artificial intelligence to solve complex, non-linear problems in different fields, such as modelling and predicting problems in metal cutting. In this study, an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) has been used for predicting the cutting forces during dry end milling with uncoated insert of a Ti6Al4V alloy. The developed ANFIS model has been trained and tested with real experimental case study. Membership function with generalized bell shape was used with numbers 2, 3, 4, and 5. The absolute percentage error (MAPE%) was calculated for models to pick up the minimum one. Good matching was obtained between experimental and ANFIS results.

Since the level and severity of Covid-19 pandemic cases vary by location and due to different kinds of projects, it is one of the most important risk management elements globally today. Covid-19 caused numerous financial and non-financial losses to the communities and the economy. Owing to the lockdown, disruption in supply chain management, health and safety standards, transportation, and commercial effects, this pandemic infection had an influence on the entire world. The current study is focused on analyzing the influence of COVID-19 on the construction sector of Bahrain, as the construction industry is a major contributor to the economy. This research has been divided into three parts. The first deals with reviewing the relevant literature, and the second concerns questioning ten companies with 60 projects under construction, working in Bahraini's construction sector—as a case study. These cases have been investigated to diagnose the most affecting Factors on the construction projects in Bahrain due to covid-19, which is the third part of the study. The results show that 60–90% of the participants testified that COVID-19 caused some delays to their projects, cash flow delays, importing material, and deferring projects once or more. It was found that all the participants (100%) denied that their projects were wholly stopped due to a lack of staff or materials.

Early classifications of markets as developed or emerging were somewhat arbitrary and tended to emphasize on the relative wealth of nations as the defining factor, along with subjective assessments of the market's quality. Due to the lack of transparency, investors found it difficult to predict the likelihood that a country would move between categories, and this environment did not encourage nations to adopt international best practices in an effort to advance their status. The market classification process organizes nations according to objective criteria and interacts with stock exchanges, regulators, and central banks in countries where the market is being evaluated for possible promotion or demotion. The process provides portfolio managers and asset allocators a clear picture of what to expect in terms of index evolution in the future. The measures of market accessibility and their effects on market classifications are the main topics of this paper. The study investigates how market infrastructure, market regulations, and market openness to foreign ownership influence market classification. The literature review serves as the foundation for the research methodology. It is concluded that improved market accessibility encourages market classification and allows nations to uphold global equity market standards.

Higher Education (HE) is one of the rapidly growing sectors worldwide. This research reviews the sector developments and challenges internationally and in the GCC region with the aim of identifying areas for future research and enhancements to improve HEIs performance. Research papers and relevant statistics extracted from official sources were reviewed by the researchers. The review findings revealed that students’ enrolment growth, diversification and internationalisation; stakeholders’ engagement and competitiveness; emphasis on quality, ranking, transparency, regulation, privatization and professional development; technology advancements and governance structures were some of the recent developments in the HE sector. Challenges included HEIs resources capacity and technology adaptation pressures, students’ diversity, stakeholders competing powers and transparency. Research on the developments reported in the GCC context focused on internationalisation, students’ body expansion, regulation and quality. As for the challenges, context specific ones included the role of Arabic language in academia, while others were general like the lack of information disclosure. Future researchers and HE policy makers and leaders need to address the challenges identified and benefit from them to achieve financial sustainability, resources innovation and governance effectiveness.

Intra-industry trade (IIT) as a concept grew in significance in the 1970s, with the introduction of the Grubel-Lloyd Index (GLI) and Paul Krugman’s new trade theory (Krugman in Am Econ Rev 70:950–959, [22]). IIT is a good indicator of a country’s growth in trade and sophistication of the manufacturing sector, which in the case of India, has been experiencing stagnant growth since 1960s. Thus, in order to systemically analyse the prospects of growth for the Indian manufacturing sector, the study categorize the manufacturing sector into 19 product groups based on HS-2022 and NIC-2008 classification. Weighted GLI values were calculated for product group-wise data and an OLS estimation of dynamic changes of WGLI of India-World trade flow was conducted. The present analysis of the OLS regression found that the pattern of IIT changes in the observed periods 2010–2020.

In general, legal research on artificial intelligence must figure out if accidents and losses caused by AI robots can be held civilly responsible under standard rules, which is more important. So, this study used standard civil liability rules to determine who is responsible for losses caused by self-driving car accidents and why.

The aim of this study is to understand the effects of implementing a Just-In-Time production system on a company’s performance on garment manufacturing companies in Jordan. The entire workforce of MAS Kreeda Al-Safi Company in Jordan made up the study population of (3800) employees. A questionnaire was developed as a tool for gathering data from a sample of (350) employees for a study that used the descriptive correlational technique. For the statistical analysis, SPSS software was employed. The results indicated that JIT system and its components (material flow, JIT commitment, and supply management) had achieved a high level. While the company performance was high across all of its dimensions, including operating performance, operating cost, and product quality. Additionally, the findings of study showed a statistically significant relationship between the JIT system and firm performance. The study recommended, firms should be to pursue the adoption of JIT technology (because of its significant role in reducing production costs). In addition, forsaking conventional production methods due to its inability to compete with businesses in the marketplace.

This research uses Environmental Impact Screening (EIS) by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) under Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) method to examine the environmental impact of large-scale solar (LSS) photovoltaic (PV) development in Penang Island, Malaysia. This study’s was conducted through an interview session with 16 individuals including expert review or academician, consultant, and authorities. Large projects require an assessment to ensure that possible issues are identified and addressed early on in the planning and design phases. Ecological and chemical (EC) impact, as well as occupational safety (OSH) and economic impact (EI) are considered in this study. The data is then evaluated using AHP to determine the final component rankings. The bar chart will help in making a better decision by displaying the results. Based on the findings of the study, significant steps toward mitigation have been taken.

This study investigates the potential of prefabricated plastic pavements as an alternative solution to traditional asphalt pavements for high-traffic and extreme weather conditions. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature and case studies, the advantages of utilizing waste plastics as raw materials for the construction of plastic pavements were highlighted, such as high melting point temperatures, lower carbon footprint, and reduced occurrences of defects in comparison to conventional pavement types. Additionally, the use of plastic roads can also help to address the growing problem of plastic waste by finding a new use for recycled plastic materials. Furthermore, plastic roads have potential advantages over traditional roads in terms of water storage and climate adaptation, as they have been found to have better water drainage capabilities. Waste plastics such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, and ethylene vinyl acetate were identified as suitable materials for heavy traffic roadway applications. However, the study also highlighted the limitations of the technology in terms of heavy traffic roadway applications and the need for more research to fully understand the potential benefits and drawbacks of plastic roads and how to extend this new technology to roadways considering the long-term durability and maintenance requirements of plastic pavements.

There is a widespread debate about sustainability and economic growth without posing threats on the planet and humanity. United Arab Emirates (UAE) has set a vital example to be part of UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as according to Agenda 2030. This paper assesses the policies and plans on accelerating the implementation of the circular economy model in four main sectors—manufacturing, food, infrastructure, and transport. The overall discussion has highlighted the UAE government plans in creating a circular economy. Moreover, we are also looking the government potential plans in this process, suggesting effective policies such as capacity building, renewable energy, waste management, awareness, and monitoring. Current study emphasizes that transitioning to a circular economy presents both a significant opportunity and an enormous challenge. An opportunity in that the commercialization of low-carbon solutions, including clean energy technologies, can further catalyze an important emerging market and support the transformation of the UAE energy sector. This initiative is even greater when you consider the requirement to make investments today for benefits that will materialize well into the future. A successful achievement of SDGs will require close coordination between policies, technology and capital, at the core of which is partnership between the public and private sector as well as opportunities to collaborate with countries around the world.

To dive into the existing corpus on the history of mercantilism, a systematic literature review seemed the most appropriate method. To attain a microscopic understanding, this paper attempts to delineate mercantilist writers and approaches in understanding the history of mercantilism through a systematic literature review. The Systematic Literature Review includes 18 documents, indexed in Scopus database. The strategy employed was “Mercantilism” AND (“Economic History” OR “Economic Thought”). Content analysis was conducted on the procured 18 documents. The systematic review sheds light on prominent mercantilist writers and various approaches in understanding the history of mercantilism. An additional impression of this study is that it is a comprehensive study on the collected corpus, however the search was limited to only one database and grey literature was excluded.

In India, as of 2021, there was a 7.2% increase in suicides. With the economic burden inflicted by the pandemic and increasing suicides, a systematic investigation needs to be done. This empirical investigation uses the “Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model” to obtain long and short-term estimates for the relationship between suicides and prominent economic indicators. The findings suggest that economic indicators like GDP per capita growth, age dependency ratio, and unemployment rate have a significant dynamic relationship with suicides. In this regard, preventive measures can be formulated and implemented in such a way that focuses on improving the country’s economic scenario which will in turn reduce suicides. Organizations and governments can plan training and mental health care programs for farmers, workers, and students. Mental health care services require attention from the government so that at a macro level the problem of increasing suicides can be handled.

The present study investigates the relevance of Institutional structures’ quality as a determinant of the GDP of the Emerging Middle Power Economies (MIKTA) which constitute predominantly middle-income countries, namely Mexico, South Korea, Indonesia, Turkey, and Australia over the timeframe of 1985–2016. In addition to institutional variables such as Government Stability, Bureaucratic Quality and Socioeconomic Conditions, the study uses productive factors (per worker capital, human capital) and a macroeconomic indicator (inflation) to show the GDP of the above-mentioned countries. The impact that institutional variables taken have on Efficient Environmental resources, Sustainability and their management has shown to have an impact on the rate of growth of the middle-income economies. To estimate a long-run relation, the study employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag model, also known as the ARDL model, bringing in controls for cointegration, nonstationary, heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependency and accounts for a mixed order of integration of variables. The model indicates that capital per worker, socio-economic conditions, bureaucratic quality, human capital and inflation have a long-run effect on the GDP of a country. The paper concludes with a positive impact of institutional variables during both, the short-run and the long-run, for the de-pendent variable.

The article examines the development trends of the agricultural land market in Ukraine under the influence of the military situation. The main results of the survey on land market introduction in Ukraine are given, and its problems are highlighted. The main stages of the market of agricultural land are defined and described. The most important arguments of land market organization for the attraction of new investors are listed. It focuses on the relevance of foreign experience in Ukraine on the market of agricultural land. The necessity of reforming the agricultural land market in Ukraine is justified.

India has always been a hopeful trade destination for the rest of the world. Even before the formation of British rule in India, Is known for its exclusive and quality goods. Over time, trade became an essential part of the economy and after the opening up of the Indian economy after the enforcement of the New Economic Policy in 1991; India unlocked the doors to new openings for evolving its trade and for developing as a potential trade destination for the contemporary world. India has been able to attain its goal. Today India positions to be the eighth largest exporter of commercial services in the world by holding 3.7% of the global share. India’s trade has been rising but the issue that India looks at is that the rate of imports has been more than its exports important to an enormous trade deficit in the economy. This paper aims to study the trade and trade in India during the period extending from 1999 to 2019. The study has been conducted to know more about the national and international motives behind the rise and fall of the trade balance that was observed by the Indian economy during the Indian study.

This research article tries to uncover the elements and compelling reasons causing supply chain inefficacy concerning low quality at the retailer level of the mangoes supply chain in Karnataka. The descriptive research approach was used in work. The research was conducted in the biggest mango-producing areas of Karnataka. Factors were discovered by factor analysis. A systematic questionnaire was used to determine how much the mango sector may improve supply chain efficacy. Contingent on the factor analysis, four variables for low quality were identified: functional difficulties, knowledge, Manpower, and resources. It was also discovered that the functional component is the compelling factor causing supply chain inefficacy. The study is confined to the retailer level of the Mango supply chain, focusing on four Mango-producing districts in Karnataka. Furthermore, the measures for the key causes under each aspect causing hindrances in supply chain efficiency in terms of quality have been discovered. There is a scarcity of materials to enhance the supply chain efficiency of merchants in India’s mango business. This research attempted to address a literature gap and help practitioners improve the mango supply chain in underdeveloped nations. This paper also serves the 2nd goal, Zero Hunger, End starvation, improve food security and nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture of sustainable development.

Investment decisions are always complex in nature. Investment assets are volatile in nature there are less volatile, medium volatile and high volatile investment assets in the financial market. In the current study how, the behavioral biases of the investors affecting their investment decisions in the less volatile asset classes is examined using an extensive survey method among the IT professionals in the Bangalore city. The relationship between the demographic variables and behavioral biases is tested. Also, a detailed study is conducted to examine the risk-taking behavior of the investors in the less volatile assets. There are basically three type of investors on the basis of their risk-taking behavior i.e. Risk seeking, Risk Neutral and Risk averse investors. Current study reveals that investors in the less volatile asset classes are very much cautious about the risk factor and therefore they are risk averse in nature.

In shaping the future of mobility, and as India moves towards stricter emission targets working relentlessly in carving out a paradigm shift in the usage of electric vehicles for shaping ‘cleaner India and building a sustainable future. The government has taken several steps with its focus on environmental stewardship and the result is that an increasing number of people are gravitating towards an energy efficient means of transport. Despite the rewarding effects of electric vehicles, the growth of Electric vehicles does not reveal a significant rise. A study has been made to understand the perception of the people towards electric vehicles.

Nowadays, with the development of the financial market, the banking sectors to make them developed. Apart from their primary activities they are too engaged in investments, speculation and hedging activities to earn income and to save themselves from any risk. In this research paper, attempts are made to know the position of Interest Rate Derivatives of banking sectors in Global and Indian markets which contains the data from the year 2008–2020. In this study, one more finding is that “whether there is any difference in the level of Interest rate Derivatives of banking sectors in Global as well as in Indian market” which showed the result, “there is a huge difference in the use of Interest rate Derivatives between Global and Indian market”.

Banking is the backbone for the development of the country. The usage of banking have increased rapidly day by day among costumers. There is shift from traditional banking to modern banking in current years. The study focus on usage of mobile banking among the rural customers. Total of 127 respondents were randomly selected for the study from North Bengaluru. Gender of the respondent is having impact on utilization of Technology. There is association among age and the awareness of the respondents. Education plays a vital role in adoption of changes in technology. More awareness program can be conducted in remote places to expand the usage of mobile banking.

To help “operators estimate available capacity on the system and plan for future needs,” the European DSO uses AI to analyze data on voltage, load, and grid topology. The DSO was able to employ available and incoming distributed energy resource assets more effectively thanks to AI Similar to this, a German transmission system operator employed AI to produce more accurate grid loss forecasts. AI could be used into both new and existing advanced distribution management systems in the United States (ADMS). The ADMS conducts tasks including “fault location, peak demand management, support for microgrids and electric vehicles,” and is “the software platform that enables the full range of distribution administration and optimization.” Finally, by optimizing end uses, AI can make significant progress in lowering the demand for electricity usage. For instance, Google declared in 2015 that machine intelligence from DeepMind had helped it cut the energy needed to cool its data centers by 40%. Given that the DeepMind project has been contracted to assist in reducing waste in the UK's National Grid, further savings appear possible. More recently, in 2019, Hewlett Packard and the National Renewable Energy Laboratories collaborated to assess how AI may improve the efficiency of their data center operations. Energy efficiency is frequently referred to as the unsung hero of decarbonization because it affects numerous industries and has some of the greatest effects at the lowest prices. Increasing efficiency in many industries can also aid in lowering electricity consumption.

Today, algorithms can influence many different elements of your life, including what you buy, where you live, whether you land a job or a bank loan, and many other things. Now, autocomplete can anticipate your words in search terms, Gmail messages, and text messages. Even Tinder is subject to algorithmic control–did you choose your partner, or did Tinder? People are aware of the impact of the algorithms used by digital companies and what the typical person can accomplish when confronted with powerful international corporations. Many people share the opinion that, when it comes to sophisticated technology and the algorithms that have been unleashed on us, we are all relatively defenseless as humans. However, I believe that while individual effort alone won't be enough to address this issue, we do have some power in this situation, and that power comes in the shape of our knowledge, our votes, and our money. The concept of knowledge—being aware of the technology we use and what's going on with it behind the scenes—is rather simple, but I believe it is underappreciated. We should make more thoughtful decisions while using technologies and algorithms rather than being merely passive users of them. We need to consider how algorithms affect the choices we make and the judgments others make about us. I think that what Facebook is doing and what they announced last week regarding changes to their products, how they are going to support message encryption and sort of treat messages and sort of appreciate people’s privacy needs are all a direct result of pushback from users.

The study aims to examine the perception of auditors in Gulf countries (United Arab Emirates, Kingdom of Bahrain, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Sultanate of Oman, State of Qatar, State of Kuwait) about using artificial intelligence (AI) in the auditing processes. The data were collected by using an online questionnaire which was distributed to 200 auditors from gulf countries. 50 responses were collected. The findings revealed that using AI systems and tools in auditing will automate routine audit processes and procedures, allowing more time to focus on areas of significant judgment, understanding of the entity and its processes, enable ongoing risk assessment throughout the audit process. However, the respond emphasized that AI is not easy to use in auditing which needs more training and knowledge about it. The current study recommends more studies about AI and their relationship with auditing processes in other developing countries.

The study aims to know the perception of accounting and financial students on gulf university about e-learning during the covid-19 pandemic and to know the advantages of e-learning during the covid-19 pandemic according to the perception of gulf university students. The study used an online survey which distributed to all the students who used online accounting e-learning during covid-19, 83 respondents were collected from them. The study found that, the students agreed that the online e-learning was effective and has many advantages to them such as simple to use and they can to the material of the lecture anytime, the contact with the university lectures has improved, improved their communication with other students and the university succeeded by facilitate the accounting and financial courses with e-learning resources. Future studies can examine the perception of the accounting students in other Bahraini universities as well as in developing countries about the using of e-learning in teaching accounting and finance courses, and examine the links between e-learning accounting education and sustainability development goal No. 4 quality education.

To develop a theoretical framework to explain the relationships involved, the research set out to identify the factors that affect workers' occupational safety and health at the non-governmental organization in Palestine-Gaza Strip (UNRWA), the contribution of health and safety measures made in the workplace, as well as assess the impact of these factors on working conditions and the effects of healthcare professionals. The expense of non-compliance in terms of work-related injuries and workers' compensation as well as absence from duty serves as an example of the significance of health and safety. The study looked at how to change how both the administration and the staff feel about safety. It has outlined the necessary precautions to take to ameliorate the situation, as well as health and safety procedures. Any organization's performance is primarily dependent on the ongoing assessment and strengthening of health and safety procedures. The virtual component maintains the health and safety of the workers. A study of the literature on occupational health and safety from various publications was done for the research, and it was found that every company with more than five employees must have an effective health and safety policy and program in place. The study included several statistical analyses using secondary and primary data from the UNRWA in the Gaza Strip in Palestine, which has a bed capacity of more than eighty. Given the diversity of the population, quantifiable data from a survey of 300 employees was acquired to guarantee that all cadres were represented. The study's findings show that the UNRWA organization has sufficient facilities available.

This study aims to examine the relationship between employee satisfaction, organizational commitment, and emotional intelligence on marketing service quality in Bahrain. The literature review has used previous studies to approve the hypothesis. The data was gathered from 167 respondents. IBM SPSS software was used to analyze the data and tested the hypothesis, after a quantitative research study used for this study as a type of primary data. The result demonstrates that employee satisfaction, organizational commitment, and emotional intelligence were found to have a significant positive relationship with marketing service quality in medical equipment companies in Bahrain. Thus, medical equipment companies in Bahrain can use these results to expand their marketing service quality in campiness. In addition, the finding of this study also provided the medical equipment companies a good preparation and rising strategies to improve the marketing service quality. Finally, the study provides guidance and tools for further actions. This is important to keep the endurance of the medical equipment companies in the global part, however, new strategies for marketing service quality medical equipment companies need to be developed from time to time and it depends on the outcome of this study.

Finding the most efficient way to join one material to another by welding is a matter of intense research. Both techniques, whether solid-state welding or fusion welding, seem to have their strengths and weaknesses. In solid-state welding, researchers’ attention is paid to the fact that friction welding (FW), a technique that involves friction between the two materials to be welded, introduces a time-efficient process, excellent mechanical properties, and filler-free solid-state welding. In this study, we produce several samples of the as-welded material from the developed friction welding machine with promising mechanical properties. From the three parameters, friction time, forging time, and fording pressure, the results show that forging time has a more significant impact than the other parameters. We expect to improve the as-welded material by enhancing the construction of the FW machine and the procedure of FW.

This study identifies and adopt the key principles for a sustainable lean interior design in the construction industry. The concept of lean management has been of interest to researchers and practitioners in the construction industry and is implemented in most countries. This paper is part of the study to critically investigate the factors effecting the process of selecting lean tools and techniques in the construction industry in the public sector in the four governates of the Kingdom of Bahrain. The quantitative research methodology has been adopted in this study. The investigation will determine the level of lean construction management implementation and consequently its effect on sustainability in the interior design of housing projects. It is hoped that this study will benefit both academics and practitioners.

This Paper demonstrates how the channel estimation based Deep Learning (DL) and power optimization are jointly utilized for multiuser (MU) recognition in Power domain Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (PD-NOMA) wireless system. In NOMA systems the successive interference cancellation (SIC) procedure is typically employed at the receiver side, where several users are decoded in a subsequent manner. Fading channels may disperse the transmitted signals and originate dependencies among its samples, this may affect the channel estimation process and consequently affect the SIC process and signal detection accuracy. In this scenario, the impact of Deep Neural Network (DNN) in explicitly estimating the channel coefficients for each user in NOMA cell is investigated. This approach, integrate the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network into the NOMA system where this LSTM network is used for complex data processing to carry out training, updating, and predicting. The DNN is trained online based on channel statistics and then the trained model is used to predict the channel parameters that will be exploited by the receiver in retrieving the original data. Furthermore, Power coefficients are optimized in order to maximize the sum throughput of the system users based on the total transmitted power and Quality of service (QoS) constraints. We formulate an expression for Signal to interference noise ratio (SINR) for each user in the system, then an analysis for the optimization problem and the considered constraints to verify the concavity of the objective function is presented. Lagrange function and Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) optimality conditions are utilized to derive the optimal power coefficients. Simulation results for different metrics such as bit Error Rate (BER), sum rate, Outage probability and individual user capacity have proved the superiority of the DL approach over the conventional approaches in terms of channel estimation.

Wireless sensor Networks (WSNs) became in one of the important technologies in our days in which it is applied in many applications and domains. Further, most of these applications are under the umbrella of the Internet of things (IoT) and that required a particular Quality of Service (QoS). Recently, many vital applications need mobility, which Mobile WSNs (MWSN) subscribes in these needs. However, the low-cost technology of the MWSNs is the first obstacle to improve performance in these applications. The usual methods of routing algorithm cannot be applied in MWSNs. In addition, security has become a primary concern to provide secure communication between wireless nodes, with additional challenges related to the node’s computational resources. Particularly, the wireless ad-hoc communication adopted by the sensor nodes communication makes WSNs more susceptible to different types of security threats and attacks. In this paper, we present the specification of MWSN, and based on that we describe the different routing protocols used. Second, we discuss the performance of these protocols and propose a new technique to improve MWSN performance.

In this dynamic environment of the market, automobile industry is changing very quickly due to technological up gradation. The manufacturers are able to respond to change in the taste and preferences of the customers. The conventional automobiles have some disadvantages like harmful effects on environment, increasing fuel prices, increasing prices etc. made the customers to think about an alternative technology that has resulted into electric vehicle technology. Even the customers are welcoming this new technology as they have many benefits from it. It is always a challenge for the marketers to make the customers to accept the change and push their products in the market. This research paper emphasises on understanding the perception of young consumers about electric two wheelers in Bangalore city.

It is always a curiosity to the existing and prospective investors to analyses the impact on any events in the share price or returns. This study adds fuel to that and taken a corporate event of Dividend and its impact in the returns. For the study the researcher has taken pharmaceutical industries for analyzing the impact. The top five companies were selected from the same industries and the time period taken for the study is ten years (2012–2021). Secondary data were collected and the returns were calculated to identify the volatility. Further diving deep descriptive statistics was used to derive mean, median, Standard deviation, Skewness and kurtosis. Out of which the mean helps to identify the volatility and standard deviation helps to identify the risks. Finally the result of the study explains that there is no significant impact on the share price by the announcement of the dividend.

Mentoring is introduced as a magic wand by highly matured organizations to develop the employees personally and professionally. The study investigates the influence of mentoring on personal learning, career satisfaction and job involvement. Research participants including IT professionals from Kerala (N = 390) are selected by multistage sampling method. A structured questionnaire was completed by the respondents, which measured mentoring functions, personal learning, job involvement and career satisfaction. The factors identified from exploratory factor analysis of mentoring functions are career mentoring, psychosocial mentoring and role modeling function. Path analysis was exercised to examine the hypothesis evolved from the literature. The study found that career mentoring influences personal learning and career satisfaction, role modelling influences personal learning, job involvement and career satisfaction, personal learning influences job involvement and career satisfaction. The study also revealed that job involvement results in career satisfaction and it is the strongest relationship when compared with other variables.

This study aims to explore the impact of Islamic values. This study focuses on the relationship between Islamic Values and Managerial Autonomy from an individual and organizational perspective. Based on previous research, it is found that autonomy can increase the sense of responsibility, ownership of organizational issues, employee efficiency, innovation performance, subsidiary development, and flexibility. However, further studies on Islamic Values on Managerial Autonomy in individual and organizational views need to be explored to develop a broader theory with new perspectives.

The key determination of this empirical study is to analyse the affiliation between Perceived Facilitations for Training and Affective Organisational Commitment of employees of star rated hotels. A survey was conducted among the employees star rated hotels and the sample size is 280 employees based on convenience sampling. Perceived facilitations for training can be categorized into three namely; perceived access to training, perceived trainer quality and perceived motivation for training and their affiliation with affective organizational commitment were investigated. The hypotheses were tested using correlation and multiple regression analysis. The results revealed that perceived facilitations for training have significant relationship with affective commitment of employees of star rated hotels in Karnataka. The implications of the study have been offered for researchers and practitioners of human resource as how to utilize the aspects of facilitations for training to augment the organizational commitment of employees.

This Paper aims to the relative efficiency of private banks by employing the non-parametric approach of “Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)” for the period of 5 years from 2017 to 2021. There are various models are available, in this study Input oriented under constant Return to Scale (CRS) has been employed. In the DEA model, Banks are considered mediators between saver and borrower, so Fixed Assets, borrowings, and, operating expenses have been considered for input, and Investment, “Interest income and other Income” are considered as output. As per the findings, the performance of new private banks was comparatively better than the old private banks and the average efficiency of the sample bank is 92.4%.

There aren’t as many misty hill stations in Kerala’s northern region as there are in its southern region, but there is one place in Kozhikode that will steal your breath away. Travelers have made Vayalada, a quiet location blessed with natural beauty and shrouded in sleepy mist, popular on social media. In the Kozhikode district, this magnificent mountaintop is located about 12 km from Balussery. Vayalada has all the elegance and tranquilly of a hill station because it is 2000 ft above sea level, and from its highest point, one can see the scenic beauty. There are different Adivasis who are divided into a number of sects, including the Ooralis, Kattunaikkans, Adiyars, Kurumas, Paniyas, and Uraali Kurumas, who live on the border of Kozhikode and Wayanad districts. This case is about six tribal families who are living in Vayalada, near Thalayd, in Calicut, Kerala. Vayalada is just becoming a popular destination because of its scenic beauty and the beautiful view of Kakki Dam. This case is especially about the problems faced by the tribal families living in Vayalada due to the increase in tourist arrivals.

This study aims to analyze a pro-environmental behavior model for farmers in the Dieng plateau, Indonesia. Some variables used to predict PEB are an environmental concern, perceived behavioral control, and environmental Attitude. The number of questionnaires in this study was 12 items using a five-point Likert scale. Respondents in this study were farmers who had their fields and had carried out pro-environmental agricultural practices. The number of samples in this study was 200 respondents. The data analysis tool used is PLS-SEM. The results of the research show that all the proposed hypotheses are supported. Environmental concerns and perceived behavioral control affect E.A. and PEB. And E.A. has a direct effect on PEB. This research has a novelty related to the object of research, namely small farming, and very slow adoption. Besides that, this study also discusses the pro-environmental behavior from the internal side of farmers. Previous studies on adopting pro-environmental practices by smallholders have primarily focused on external constraints. This internal side of the farmer is believed to play an essential role in adopting pro-environmental behavior and the social order of life.

Balanced economic development is integral to our economy’s growth since it allows us to create high-wage jobs and facilitate an improved quality of life. Balanced economic development is necessary for long-term Sustainability. Recently, China and India have enjoyed unprecedented economic development, with the GDP per capita in both countries quickly expanding. However, assessing if countries can achieve a balanced economic development in the service, manufacturing, and agriculture sectors is critical. India and China have adopted several strategies and initiatives to develop and support the agriculture sector, including agricultural insurance programs, innovative technology, irrigation processes, and water management systems. This study will look at the contributions and development of the farming industry in China and India, as well as the problems and challenges it faces. The researcher has also created a model to depict the agricultural sector’s difficulties and the measures nations have taken to improve it.

The objectives of this research is to raise customer insights and ascertain which bank’s E-banking services they prefer. Following data collection, the researcher determined which commercial bank provides superior E-banking services to consumers. The customer age, education, occupation and income everything plays very important contribution towards the preference of the E-banking services. The data analysis takes into account the customers’ age, educational level, occupation, and income level.

This study aims to determine the influence of the January effect and the weekend effect on stock returns of companies listed on the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII). The research period was carried out for three years, starting from 2017 to 2019. The samples used in this study were 17 companies selected using the purposive sampling method. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis method. The results of the study show that the January effect and weekend effect have no influence on stock returns in companies listed on the JII Index for the 2017–2019 period.

This research paper examines the different facets of corporate social responsibility (CSR), its relevance, and its economic efficiency on society. A Likert scale with five points was used in the study to assess the attitudes of the general public and the business community. The data analysis was carried out with SPSS. According to the findings of the study, corporate social responsibility has a substantial impact on societies in order to sustain economic efficiency. The results of the EFA analysis indicated that there is a significant association between the various components of the responses. Despite the numerous discrepancies that were revealed in the process of empowering society in various fields, it is impossible to rebut the misleading claim that the firm was effectively embracing CSR. As a consequence, the numerous stakeholders will have a better understanding of the connections between CSR, businesses, and society. This very original study reveals crucial details about the legal and regulatory issues that arise when integrating CSR into an organization's internal governance structure, resulting in a benefit to society that directly reaps the rewards of CSR. This study was carried out to demonstrate that integrating CSR into an organization's internal governance structure can positively impact society.

The banking industry is no longer a limited field of work in which clients conduct business with banks all over the world in order to lend money or transfer funds between two accounts; banking is now involved in many aspects of work in clients' daily lives. Also, much of the credit for this noticeable involvement goes to the massive technological evolution we are witnessing and are a part of, which is why in this study, the role of technology in changing banking strategies and processes is discussed, as well as the benefits and drawbacks of E-Banking are discussed unbiasedly. And new E-Banking trends were illuminated. Then, some key figures from the banking and e-banking industries were examined to demonstrate the growing global adoption of E-Banking platforms.

The literature has yet to draw firm conclusions regarding the effect of economic globalization on government spending in developing countries in general and Pakistan in particular. This paper tries to overcome this gap on the literature and analyses the impact of globalization and democracy on the aggregate level of Pakistan's social spending from 1972 to 2018. The methods used include econometrics models. The results confirm that globalization is inversely related to social spending, while democracy positively affects social expenditures. Other results confirm that debt service and inflation rate harm social spending. In contrast, the more significant economic development and the increased unemployment rate have a positive and meaningful relationship with social expenditure in the long run. Public decision-makers should consider these conclusions to promote economic and social sustainability in Pakistan.

This research aims to explore the benefits of digitally transforming the manual and paper-based processes in the finance and administrative departments within the oil and gas industry in the Kingdom of Bahrain. There are many benefits examined in the literature across various industries and the most relevant to the oil and gas industry include: acquiring new skills, saving time, improved information security, boosting employee morale, and positively contributing to saving the environment. An online questionnaire based on the reviewed literature was developed and the link was distributed to employees in the financial and administrative departments (n = 252) within the oil and gas industry in the Kingdom of Bahrain. After collecting and analyzing the data, the researchers found that there are strong positive correlations between digital transformation and acquiring new skills, saving time, improved information security, boosting employee morale. However, the findings were not conclusive on how much if any, a correlation exists between digital transformation and preserving the environment.

This research aims to deliver more indication on information technology (IT) governance and its relationship with firm performance in emergenMarketplaces. The objective is mainly to clarify the role of IT governance in GCC firms; it, as well, seeks to analyze the effect of IT governance on the firm performance. The investigators have applied the IT-connected qualifications of the participants of the board of directors as a guide of IT governance. The investigators have also utilized an additional unit of corporate governance guides in addition to a setting of control variables. The performance of firms has been described as the operating performance which is characterized as Return on Assets (ROA) and the financial performance as the Return on Equity (ROE).

The electric power industry in the US is second in terms of GHG emissions, contributing to almost 28% of total emissions. In addition, as more people switch to driving electric vehicles, there will be a rise up in electricity demand. If no action is taken to decarbonize the electric grid, such increased electricity use will result in higher GHG emissions. The electric-power sector consists of electricity generation, transmission, distribution, and consumption, and has a wide range of applications for AI, counting accelerating the advancement of clean energy technologies, improving electricity demand forecasts, bolstering system optimization and management, and improving system monitoring. Even novel materials for energy-storing batteries or compounds that collect carbon dioxide from the environment could be discovered thanks to AI. Finally, by incorporating data from risks like wildfires and major storms and altering grid operations appropriately, AI can help make the grid safer, more effective, and more reliable.

Employee engagement is an emerging phenomenon in the human resources field. Organizations are seeking ways to enhance employee performance and increase productivity through the development of human capital, thus organizations focus on ways to engage employees in the organizations’ goals, objectives, and values, moreover ways to engage the employees in their job and tasks. This study used a systematic literature review approach, to explore employee engagement in the workplace from the literature, illustrating the drivers and factors that impact the fluctuating differences in engagement between employees. Moreover, human resources practices are playing a significant role in the formulation of engagement strategy in the organization, therefore the study is to provide aspects that the top level should be aware of to merge the engagement strategy in the human resources policies. Also, this study is to focus on the theoretical models in the literature about employee engagement which are the base for further studies in the same field. It is found that there is no consensus on the concept of employee engagement, as different theoretical frameworks exhibit different constructs for employee engagement, which leads to different strategies of implementation. It has been remarkably noted that employees are either engaged or disengaged based on different drivers which are from inner psychological traits, behavior, or emotions, on the other hand, the outside drivers are from the environment, cultural changes, and leadership. Whilst the tasks and duties and level of responsibilities can be the major engine of employee engagement level.

Within the context of corporate governance reform, this paper aims to present a review of the two opposing views of board-level worker representation (BLWR) and the underlying theories including the implications for firms and their board effectiveness. As such, this paper is significant to corporations, regulators, academics and researchers who plan to do research in the same area, as it provides a comprehensive outline of relevant papers in the field.

This study reviews the potential and possible role of digital marketing in the tourism industry growth in Bahrain. It sheds light to the background and activities of tourism industry in general with particular attention to Bahrain. Many factors were found in this secondary study that could contribute to the growth of tourism industry. Among them are social media, digital influencers, online travel agencies, and email marketing. Undoubtedly, this technology has changed the way organizations use to approach, communicate, and provide solutions to different stakeholders. Policy makers and managers are invited to make use of this study to understand and improve the situation by attracting and retaining customers. Digital marketing, when is used properly can improve efficiency of the organizations.