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2024 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

CNR’s Contribution to the Advancement of Soil Science in Italy

verfasst von : Angelo Basile, Gabriele Buttafuoco, Costanza Calzolari, Luigi Paolo D’Acqui, Erica Lumini, Fabrizio Ungaro

Erschienen in: Soil Science in Italy

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

The contributions to soil science due to the researchers of the National Research Council of Italy (Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, CNR) are illustrated in an historical perspective from the foundation of CNR in 1923 to the first two decades of the XXI century. The foundation of the first CNR Institute explicitly focusing on soil science was in 1963, and since the very beginning, the research activities focusing on soils function and properties were characterised by a multidisciplinary approach. This resulted over a couple of decades in the flowering of several research centres and institutes covering issues ranging from soil chemistry to soil genesis, classification, and mapping, from soil microbiology to soil hydrology, with long-term finalised projects and research initiatives. Over the years, following major reorganisation of CNR structure, the term “soil” disappeared from the name of the research institutes, following a worldwide trend. CNR soil scientists are currently scattered over several Research Institutes and two departments, with an evident fragmentation of research efforts, which nevertheless resulted in a spread of soil science in many other sectors, favoured by the multidisciplinary nature of the CNR. A few examples of CNR research achievements in the main branches of soil science such as biology, ecology, physics, chemistry, erosion, and pedology are provided.

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Vorheriges Kapitel Soil Science in Italian Universities

Nächstes Kapitel CREA’s Contribution to the Advancement of Soil Science in Italy

At the first meeting of the Committee's Executive Board, held in February 1929, it was decided to split the Committee into six sections: (1) soil and fertilisers, led by Giovanni Raineri, (2) agrarian industries, led by Giuseppe Tommasi, (3) agrarian biology, led by Giovanni Tallarico, (4) agrarian technology, led by Emanuele De Cillis, (5) animal husbandry, led by Nello Fotticchia, and (6) statistical economics and agrarian legislation, led by Arrigo Serpieri. The structure and subdivision into sections was initially approved by the Ministry of National Education, but later, at the proposal of Peglion, Tassinari, and Marozzi, it was decided to suppress the sixth section.

By Decree of the President of the Council of Ministers of 2 August 1963 (published in the ordinary supplement to the Official Gazette of 6 August 1963, no. 209), ten National Advisory Committees were set up within the National Research Council with the following names and competences (1) National Committee for Mathematical Sciences; (2) National Committee for Physical Sciences; (3) National Committee for Chemical Sciences; (4) National Committee for Biological and Medical Sciences; (5) National Committee for Geological and Mineral Sciences; (6) National Committee for Agricultural Sciences; (7) National Committee for Engineering and Architectural Sciences; (8) National Committee for Historical, Philosophical and Philological Sciences; (9) National Committee for Legal and Political Sciences; (10) National Committee for Economic, Sociological and Statistical Sciences.

Luigi Cavazza, full professor of Agronomy at the University of Bologna, was always interested in soil. He is credited with having made a fundamental contribution to soil hydrology studies and its promotion in Italian universities. He is one of the pioneers of the study of soil physics and hydrology in particular, author of the only book in italian on soil physics.

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Titel: CNR’s Contribution to the Advancement of Soil Science in Italy
verfasst von: Angelo Basile
Gabriele Buttafuoco
Costanza Calzolari
Luigi Paolo D’Acqui
Erica Lumini
Fabrizio Ungaro
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Buch: Soil Science in Italy
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-52743-2

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-031-52744-9

Copyright-Jahr: 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-52744-9_29