nach oben

Erschienen in:

2024 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

19. Digital India: Past, Present and Future

verfasst von : Charru Malhotra

Erschienen in: Indien im 21. Jahrhundert − Auf dem Weg zur postindustriellen Ökonomie

Verlag: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Excerpt

Development involves both social and economic advancements in terms of equality, freedom and quality of life for the majority of people by providing them with greater control over their environment (UNDP, 1996) and by augmenting their capabilities (Sen, 1989). Digital technologies¹ which include the concept of New Age Technologies like cloud computing, AI and mobile applications have emerged as the catalysts for ‘economic growth’ and ‘citizen empowerment’ – both being the cornerstones of development. The role of digital technologies in development, have been triggered by the ensuing global focus on ‘information as a growth engine’ for countries because digital technologies have been reasonably effective in providing citizens with adequate information to make informed choices (Dhameja & Uma, 2004) and help to raise their voices and awareness about critical governance issues (Masuda, 1990). This line of discourse has been popularly referred in the literature as “Information Communication Technologies for Development”, abbreviated ICT4D (Heeks, 2006; Prakash & Rahul, 2007) and has been actively pursued at the national, state and local levels involving governmental, non-governmental (NGOs) and private sector organizations. …

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Vorheriges Kapitel Radical Well-Being Approaches for the Global South

Nächstes Kapitel Das indische Startup-Ökosystem – Die Einhorn-Fabrik

The term ‘digital technologies’, in this paper jointly refer to ‘New Age Technologies (NAT)’ including AI automation, Immersive technologies and Digital platforms for technology delivery (Gartner Hype Cycle, 2022) as well as ‘Information Communication Technologies - ICT’; the latter defined as “electronic means of capturing processing, storing and communicating information. ICT may be computer Hardware, Software and Networks. They also include intermediate technologies like radio and television, literate technologies like books and newspapers and organic technologies based on human body like brain and sound waves” (Heeks, R. 2002. “i-Development and not e-Development, Special Issues on ICTs and Development” Journal of International Development (2002): 141–151.

First coined by Klaus Schwab (the founder and executive chairman of the World Economic Forum) in his 2016 book “The Fourth Industrial Revolution”, 41R refers to the ongoing societal and economic transformation that is being driven by advances in digital technologies, such as AI, robotics, the Internet of Things (IoT), big data, and cloud computing.

Informatization is the process through which the new communication technologies are used as a means for furthering development as a nation becomes more and more an information society (Singhal & Rogers, 2001).

Figure 19.1 is just indicative of some of the key e-governance milestones in India in chronological sequence and is in no way represented on any scale.

‘Gram Panchayat’ loosely translates to “Village Governing Council” and is the basic local governing body in Indian villages.

‘BharatNet’ can be translated as ‘Internet in India’ in English.

‘Seva’ means ‘to help’ in English.

‘MeghRaj’ means ‘King of Clouds’ in English.

Cloud’ computing is the practice of using a ‘network of remote servers’ hosted to store, manage, and process data/ hardware/services on the Internet, instead of using the same on your own local server or personal computer. The concept is of ‘on demand’ computing on ‘pay as you use’ model akin to any other utility such as water, electricity or PNG gas, accessible through any input device with internet connectivity including smartphones. Cloud services can be provided by ‘private’ operators, ‘public’ organizations or could be a ‘hybrid’ of both.

‘Kranti’ means ‘Revolution’ in English.

‘Jeevan’ means ‘Life’ and ‘Pramaan’ means ‘Proof’ in English.

‘Swayam’ means ‘on your own’ in Hindi.

The Hindi word ‘Aadhaar’ means ‘foundation’ in English.

The Hindi word ‘Jan’ means ‘common people’ in English, ‘Dhan’ means ‘Money’ and ‘Darshak’ means ‘to guide’ so loosely the term ‘Jan Dhan Darshak’ signifies ‘a financial guide for the masses’.

Though UMANG here is an acronym for Unified Mobile Application for New Age Governance but word ‘UMANG’ is a Hindi word that means ‘optimism’.

‘MADAD’ is a Hindi word that means ‘help’ in English.

http://bbnl.nic.in/BharatNet.pdf, Accessed on 31-01-2023.

‘Avatar’ here means representation in English.

SaaSification is an important digitization element, enabling businesses to offer more flexible and accessible services, while also reducing costs and improving revenue predictability. Adopting a SaaS-based delivery model can help businesses take advantage of cloud-based infrastructure and services, and reduce the need for on-premise infrastructure and maintenance.

DPGs are a form of shared infrastructure which is enabled by open source solutions, software, data, models, content and protocols. DPGs, employ “stack” to develop a variety of end-to-end solution for all the activities across various sectors including agriculture, education, healthcare and so on. DPGs increase the outreach of initiatives through a single-platform access.

‘Ayushman Bharat’ is Hindi word that means ‘Healthy India’ in English.

‘Aabha’ is a Hindi word that means ‘Hope’ in English.

‘Setu’ in Indian context refers to ‘a bridge’.

‘Meri Pehchaan’ means ‘My Identity’ in English.

‘Bharat’ translates to India in English.

‘The Hindi word ‘Bhasha’ means ‘language’ in English.

DPIs primarily consists of digital systems, solutions and processes that can provide digital services to everyone. Available both as a multiple-proprietary like public-data repositories and open-source solutions, it acts as efficient ‘digital roads’ between governments and citizens.

‘Atamnirbhar Bharat’ is the key focus of India’s vision for the year 2047, that means a ‘self-reliant India’.

Amartya, S. (1989). Development as capability expansion. Journal of Development Planning, 19, 41–58.

Bellamy, C., & Taylor, A. (1998). Contexts for governing in the information age. Governing in the information age,1–2.

Bernstein, S., et al. (2016). Coherent governance, the UN and the SDGs. UNU-IAS. United Nations University.

Bowen, K. J., et al. (2017). Implementing the “sustainable development goals”: towards addressing three key governance challenges – collective action, trade-offs, and accountability. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 26, 90–96.

Businessworld (2022). Aatmanirbharta no isolation but resolve to give relief to World: Singh. Retrieved February 25, 2023, from https://www.businessworld.in/article/Aatmanirbharta-No-Isolation-But-Resolve-To-Give-Relief-To-World-Singh/16-09-2022-446877/

Carrière-Swallow, Y. et al., (2021). Stacking up financial inclusion gains in India. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved March 2, 2023, from https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2021/07/india-stack-financial-access-and-digital-inclusion.htm

Colle, R. D., Roman, R. (2003). Handbook for telecenter staffs. Retrieved November 25, 2022, from http://ip.cals.cornell.edu/commdev/handbook.cfm

Dhameja, A., & Uma, M. (2004). ICT and governance: The socio-economic concerns. Indian Journal of Public Administration (IIPA), 50(1), 317–319.

Heeks, R. (2006). Theorizing ICT4D Research. Information Technologies and International Development, 3(3), 1–4.CrossRef

Kaushik, P. D., & Singh, N. (2004). Information technology and broad-based development: Preliminary lessons from north India. World Development, 32(4), 591–607.CrossRef

Magno, F. A., & Serafica, R. B. (2001). Information technology for good governance. Yuchengco Center for East Asia, De La Salle University.

Malhotra, C. (2014). Public tools for open governance: Review of RTI act and social media in indian context. Governance publiques, IMODEV, 5,2.

Malhotra, C. et al. (2007a). An evaluatory framework for ICT interventions in the rural areas: Review of literature on e- governance for rural development in the Indian context, adopting e-governance. In: G P Sahu (Ed.), 216-226. New Delhi. GIFT Publishing.

Malhotra, C. et al. (2007b). ICT for rural development: An inclusive framework for e-governance. Indian Institute of Technology. Indian Institute of Public Administration. New Dheli. India

Masuda, Y. (1990). Managing in the information society: Releasing synergy Japanese style. Basil Blackwell.

Milakovich, M. E. (2010). The internet and increased citizen, participation in government. JeDEM – e-Journal of e-Democracy and Open Government, 2(1), 1–9. Retrieved March 2, 2023, from. https://doi.org/10.29379/jedemCrossRef

Ministery of Finance. (2020). Aatma nirbhar bharat package – progress so far. Retrieved February 25, 2023, from https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1660691#:~:text=He%20also%20outlined%20five%20pillars,for%20Finance%20%26%20Corporate%20Affairs%20Smt

Mirani, S. et al. (2014). Empowering women through ICTs: Cybermpaigns on violence against women in India. The Indian Journal of Public Administration, pp 679-695. London: SAGE Publication.

EY (2023). EY tech trends chapter VIII: top FinTech trends in 2023. EY India. Retrieved March 2, 2023, from https://www.ey.com/en_in/technology/ey-tech-trends-chapter-eight-top-fintech-trends-in-2023

Nandi, B. (2002). Role of telecommunications in developing countries in the 21st century. 14th Biennial Conference. Seoul: International Telecommunications Society (ITS).

NASSCOM Foundation. (2020). Technology sector in India 2020, Techade: The new decade/strategic review. Retrieved March 4, 2023, from https://community.nasscom.in/communities/bpm/technology-sector-in-india-2020-techade-the-new-decade-strategic-review.html

Planning Commission. (2011). Census 2011. Retrieved March 2, 2023, from http://planningcommission.nic.in/data/datatable/data_2312/DatabookDec2014%20307.pdf

Prakash, A., & Rahul, D. (2007). Importance of development context in ICT4D projects. A study of computerization of land records in India. Information Technology & People, 20(3), 262–281. Retrieved March 4, 2023, from. https://doi.org/10.1108/09593840710822868CrossRef

Rao, K. A. (2003). What works: ITC’s E-choupal and profitable rural transformation. University of Michigan.

Schwab, K. (2017). The fourth industrial revolution. World Economic Forum. Retrieved March 4, 2023, from https://www.weforum.org/about/the-fourth-industrial-revolution-by-klaus-schwab

Sen, A. (1989). Development as Capability Expansion. Journal of Development Planning, 19, 41–58.

Sharma, A., Malhotra, C. (2019). Review of digital citizen engagement (DCE) platform: A case study of MyGov of government of India. Proceedings of the 12th international conference on theory and practice of electronic governance. Retrieved March 2, 2023, from https://ssrn.com/abstract=3607297

Singhal & Rogers. (2005). India’s communication revolution. Sage Publications.

UNDP. (1996). Human development report. Retrieved March 2, 2023, from https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/hdr1996encompletenostatspdf.pdf.

UNDP. (2015). Sustainable development goals. Retrieved March 2, 2023, from http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals.html

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (2018). United Nations E-Government Survey. United Nations. Retrieved March 4, 2023, from https://publicadministration.un.org/egovkb/portals/egovkb/documents/un/2018-survey/e-government%20survey%202018_final%20for%20web.pdf

UNPAN. (2005). Retrieved August 21, 2018, from www.unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/un/unpan021888.pdf

Titel: Digital India: Past, Present and Future
verfasst von: Charru Malhotra
Verlag: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden
Buch: Indien im 21. Jahrhundert − Auf dem Weg zur postindustriellen Ökonomie
Print ISBN: 978-3-658-43013-9

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-658-43014-6

Copyright-Jahr: 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43014-6_19

Springer Professional

Excerpt

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu Ihrer Lizenz zu erhalten.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Premium Partner