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Open Access 2024 | Open Access | Buch

Digital Twin

Architectures, Networks, and Applications

verfasst von: Yan Zhang

Verlag: Springer Nature Switzerland

Buchreihe : Simula SpringerBriefs on Computing

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik"

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Über dieses Buch

This open access book offers comprehensive, self-contained knowledge on Digital Twin (DT), which is a very promising technology for achieving digital intelligence in the next-generation wireless communications and computing networks. DT is a key technology to connect physical systems and digital spaces in Metaverse.

The objectives of this book are to provide the basic concepts of DT, to explore the promising applications of DT integrated with emerging technologies, and to give insights into the possible future directions of DT. For easy understanding, this book also presents several use cases for DT models and applications in different scenarios.

The book starts with the basic concepts, models, and network architectures of DT. Then, we present the new opportunities when DT meets edge computing, Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence, and

distributed machine learning (e.g., federated learning, multi-agent deep reinforcement learning). We also present a wide application of DT as an enabling technology for 6G networks, Aerial-Ground Networks, and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs).

The book allows an easy cross-reference owing to the broad coverage on both the principle and applications of DT. The book is written for people interested in communications and computer networks at all levels. The primary audience includes senior undergraduates, postgraduates, educators, scientists, researchers, developers, engineers, innovators and research strategists.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

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Open Access

Chapter 1. Introduction

Abstract

This chapter first gives an overview of digital twin, including the development timeline and possible application areas. The features of digital twin are summarized in detail. Then, the concepts, fundamentals, and visions of digital twin are presented.

Yan Zhang

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Chapter 2. Digital Twin Models and Networks

Abstract

A digital twin (DT) model reflects one or a group of physical objects that exist in a complex real system to a virtual space. By interconnecting and coordinating multiple independent models, a DT network (DTN) can be built to map the associations and interactions between physical objects. In this chapter, we present DT models in terms of modelling frameworks, modelling methods, and modelling challenges. Then we elaborate the concept of DTNs and compare it with the concept of DT. The communication mechanisms, application scenarios, and open research issues of DTNs are then discussed.

Yan Zhang

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Chapter 3. Artificial Intelligence for Digital Twin

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a promising technology that enables machines to learn from experience, adjust to environments, and perform humanlike tasks. Incorporating AI with digital twin (DT) makes DT modelling flexible and accurate, while improving the learning efficiency of AI agents. In this chapter, we present the framework of AI-empowered DT and discuss some key issues in the joint application of these two technologies. Then, we introduce the incorporation paradigms of three AI learning approaches with DT networks.

Yan Zhang

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Chapter 4. Edge Computing for Digital Twin

Abstract

Mobile edge computing is a promising solution for analysing and processing a portion of data using the computing, storage, and network resources distributed on the paths between data sources and a cloud computing centre. Mobile edge computing thus provides high efficiency, low latency, and privacy protection to sustain digital twin. In this chapter, we first introduce a hierarchical architecture of digital twin edge networks that consists of a virtual plane and a user/physical plane. We then introduce the key communication and computation technologies in the digital twin edge networks and present two typical cooperative computation modes. Moreover, we present the role of artificial intelligence (AI) for digital twin edge networks, and discuss the unique edge association problem.

Yan Zhang

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Chapter 5. Blockchain for Digital Twin

Abstract

Security and privacy are critical issues in digital twin edge networks. Blockchain, as a tamper-proof distributed database, is a promising solution for protecting data and edge resource sharing in digital twin edge networks. In this chapter, we first introduce the architecture of the blockchain-empowered digital twin edge network, to show the integration angles of the blockchain and digital twin techniques. Then, we show the block generation and consensus process in the developed blockchain-empowered digital twin edge network architecture.

Yan Zhang

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Chapter 6. Digital Twin for 6G Networks

Abstract

Digital twin is a technology that has the potential to help sixth-generation (6G) networks to realize digitization. In this chapter, we first introduce the combination of digital twin and 6G and then discuss two key use cases in terms of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces and digital twin and digital twins for stochastic offloading.

Yan Zhang

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Chapter 7. Digital Twin for Aerial-Ground Networks

Abstract

With the widespread deployment of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in civil and military fields, researchers have turned their attention towards the emerging area of aerial-ground networks for computing-intensive applications, data-intensive applications, and network-intensive applications. However, the application of aerial-ground networks relies on dynamic perceptions and intelligent decision making, which are difficult to conceive of due to the heterogeneity of ground devices and the complexity of the aerial-ground environment. The convergence of digital twin (DT) and UAVs has great potential to tackle the challenge and improve the service quality and stability in applications such as rescue and search and communication relaying. This chapter first investigates the advantages, challenges, and key techniques of DTs for aerial-ground networks. In addition, we highlight the main issues of DT for UAV-assisted aerial-ground networks with two case studies, including cross-domain resource management and intelligent cooperation among devices.

Yan Zhang

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Chapter 8. Digital Twin for the Internet of Vehicles

Abstract

As a working combination of smart vehicles, advanced communication infrastructures, and intelligent transportation units, the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) has emerged as a new paradigm for safe and efficient urban life in the future. However, various types of smart vehicles with distinct capacities, diverse IoV applications with different resource demands, and unpredictive vehicular topology pose significant challenges to fully realize IoV systems. To cope with these challenges, we leverage digital twin (DT) technology to model complex physical IoV systems in virtual space, to identify the relation between application characteristics and IoV services, which facilitates effective service scheduling and resource management. In this chapter, we discuss the motivation, benefits, and key issues of applying DT in IoV systems. Then, we use vehicular edge computing and caching as two typical IoV application scenarios to present DT-empowered task offloading and content caching scheduling schemes and their performance.

Yan Zhang

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Backmatter

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Titel: Digital Twin
verfasst von: Yan Zhang
Verlag: Springer Nature Switzerland
Electronic ISBN: 978-3-031-51819-5
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-51818-8
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-51819-5

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