nach oben

Erschienen in:

26.07.2022

Facile Preparation of Novel Carbon Microspheres for Improvement in Flame Retardancy, Smoke Suppression and Toxicity Reduction of Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomer

verfasst von: Jinyong Ren, Yanli Zhang, Junxiu Piao, Yaofei Wang, Yaxuan Wang, Tingting Feng, Wei Liu, Wenjiao Chen, Huixin Dong, Chuanmei Jiao, Xilei Chen

Erschienen in: Fire Technology | Ausgabe 5/2022

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

The purpose of this paper lies in the preparation and utilization of phenolic resin hollow microspheres to enhance the induced carbonization performance of polymer materials and endow higher fire safety. PHM (phenolic resin hollow microspheres), CPHM (carbonized phenolic resin hollow microspheres), and CAPHM (carbonized phosphorylated phenolic resin hollow microspheres) were used as fillers in thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer. With the incorporation of 4 wt.% CPHM, as compared to pure TPU, the peak heat release rate (pHRR), total smoke release (TSR), and the peak CO release rates are decreased by 64.4%, 37.9%, and 86.2%, respectively. Simultaneous enhancement in flame retardancy, smoke suppression, and toxicity reduction is attributed to the formation of a compact residual layer in the polymer matrix, which significantly retards the dispersion of combustible gas, smoke particles, and toxic gas from the underlying substrate. Such outstanding characteristics make carbon microspheres a promising candidate for high fire safety polymers.

Graphical abstract

Vorheriger Artikel Discovering Graphical Heuristics on Fire-Induced Spalling of Concrete Through Explainable Artificial Intelligence

Nächster Artikel Analysis of Fire Throttling in Longitudinally Ventilated Tunnels With a One-dimensional Model

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Nur mit Berechtigung zugänglich

Wan L et al (2021) Flame-retarded thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer: from organic materials to nanocomposites and new prospects. Chem Eng J 417:129314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.129314CrossRef

Cheng L et al (2021) Supramolecular wrapped sandwich like SW-Si3N4 hybrid sheets as advanced filler toward reducing fire risks and enhancing thermal conductivity of thermoplastic polyurethanes. J Colloid Interface Sci 603:844–855. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2021.06.153CrossRef

Cui M et al (2021) Intumescent flame retardant behavior of triazine group and ammonium polyphosphate in waterborne polyurethane. Polym Degrad Stab 183:109439. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109439CrossRef

Fu T, Wang XL, Wang YZ (2021) Flame-responsive aryl ether nitrile structure towards multiple fire hazards suppression of thermoplastic polyester. J Hazard Mater 403:123714. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123714CrossRef

Dasari A et al (2013) Recent developments in the fire retardancy of polymeric materials. Prog Polym Sci 38(9):1357–1387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2013.06.006CrossRef

Zhang M, Buekens A, Li X (2016) Brominated flame retardants and the formation of dioxins and furans in fires and combustion. J Hazard Mater 304:26–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.10.014CrossRef

Velencoso MM et al (2018) Molecular firefighting-how modern phosphorus chemistry can help solve the challenge of flame retardancy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 57(33):10450–10467. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201711735CrossRef

Zhang Y et al (2020) Phosphorus-containing Salen-metal complexes investigated for enhancing the fire safety of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). Polym Adv Technol 31(5):1150–1163. https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.4849CrossRef

Chen H et al (2020) Novel piperazine-containing oligomer as flame retardant and crystallization induction additive for thermoplastics polyurethane. Chem Eng Journal 400:125941. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.125941CrossRef

10.

Chen X, Ma C, Jiao C (2016) Enhancement of flame-retardant performance of thermoplastic polyurethane with the incorporation of aluminum hypophosphite and iron-graphene. Polym Degrad Stab 129:275–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2016.04.017CrossRef

11.

Benin V, Durganala S, Morgan AB (2012) Synthesis and flame retardant testing of new boronated and phosphonated aromatic compounds. J Mater Chem 22(3):1180–1190. https://doi.org/10.1039/c1jm14682cCrossRef

12.

Yu B et al (2019) Interface decoration of exfoliated MXene ultra-thin nanosheets for fire and smoke suppressions of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer. J Hazard Mater 374:110–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.04.026CrossRef

13.

Alongi J, Han Z, Bourbigot S (2015) Intumescence: tradition versus novelty: a comprehensive review. Progress Polym Sci 51:28–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2015.04.010CrossRef

14.

Liu F et al (2021) Carbon nanomaterials with hollow structures: a mini-review. Front Chem 9:668336. https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2021.668336CrossRef

15.

Wang H et al (2017) Preparation and characterization of TiO2-coated hollow glass microsphere and its flame-retardant property in thermoplastic polyurethane. J Therm Anal Calorim 131(3):2729–2740. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-017-6719-0CrossRef

16.

Jiao C et al (2017) Fire hazard reduction of hollow glass microspheres in thermoplastic polyurethane composites. J Hazard Mater 332:176–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.02.019CrossRef

17.

Jiao C et al (2018) Flame retardant and thermal degradation properties of flame retardant thermoplastic polyurethane based on HGM@[EOOEMIm][BF4]. J Therm Anal Calorim 135(6):3141–3152. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-7505-3CrossRef

18.

Wang D, Wang J, Hu Y (2017) Low-cost synthesis of hollow mesoporous silica spheres and its application in the removal of aromatic volatiles. Mater Lett 208:50–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2017.05.016CrossRef

19.

Wang X et al (2017) Carbon-family materials for flame retardant polymeric materials. Prog Polym Sci 69:22–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2017.02.001CrossRef

20.

Hapuarachchi TD, Peijs T (2010) Multiwalled carbon nanotubes and sepiolite nanoclays as flame retardants for polylactide and its natural fibre reinforced composites. Compos A Appl Sci Manuf 41(8):954–963. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2010.03.004CrossRef

21.

Hai Y et al (2018) Ultrathin Beta-Nickel hydroxide nanosheets grown along multi-walled carbon nanotubes: a novel nanohybrid for enhancing flame retardancy and smoke toxicity suppression of unsaturated polyester resin. J Colloid Interface Sci 509:285–297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2017.09.008CrossRef

22.

Guo Y et al (2011) In situ polymerization of graphene, graphite oxide, and functionalized graphite oxide into epoxy resin and comparison study of on-the-flame behavior. Ind Eng Chem Res 50(13):7772–7783. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie200152xCrossRef

23.

Chen X et al (2020) Effect of functionalized carbon microspheres combined with ammonium polyphosphate on fire safety performance of thermoplastic polyurethane. ACS Omega 5(11):6051–6061. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b04462CrossRef

24.

Yang Y et al (2016) Preparation of carbon microspheres coated magnesium hydroxide and its application in polyethylene terephthalate as flame retardant. Polym Degrad Stab 134:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2016.09.019CrossRef

25.

Wang J, Wang S (2019) Preparation, modification and environmental application of biochar: Aareview. J Clean Prod 227:1002–1022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.282CrossRef

26.

Liu X et al (2009) Preparation of phenolic hollow microspheres via in situ polymerization. Polym Int 58(5):465–468. https://doi.org/10.1002/pi.2567CrossRef

27.

Jiang D et al (2018) Flame retardancy of rice straw-polyethylene composites affected by in situ polymerization of ammonium polyphosphate/silica. Compos A Appl Sci Manuf 109:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2018.02.023CrossRef

28.

Zhou H et al (2014) π–π stacking interaction induced the assembly of gold nanorods. Mater Chem Phys 148(3):503–506. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2014.08.060CrossRef

29.

Guo Z, Wang C, Li J (2016) An intumescent-like flame-retardant effect of hollow carbon precursor on acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene/oligomeric aryl phosphate/novolac epoxy composites. Polym-Plast Technol Eng 55(14):1441–1449. https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2016.1163605CrossRef

30.

Chen X, Jiang Y, Jiao C (2014) Smoke suppression properties of ferrite yellow on flame retardant thermoplastic polyurethane based on ammonium polyphosphate. J Hazard Mater 266:114–121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.12.025CrossRef

31.

Chen X, Wang W, Jiao C (2017) A recycled environmental friendly flame retardant by modifying para-aramid fiber with phosphorus acid for thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer. J Hazard Mater 331:257–264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.02.011CrossRef

32.

Wilke A et al (2017) Halogen-free multicomponent flame retardant thermoplastic styrene–ethylene–butylene–styrene elastomers based on ammonium polyphosphate-expandable graphite synergy. Ind Eng Chem Res 56(29):8251–8263. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.7b01177CrossRef

33.

Wang S, Gao R, Zhou K (2019) The influence of cerium dioxide functionalized reduced graphene oxide on reducing fire hazards of thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposites pdf. J Colloid Interface Sci 536:127–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2018.10.052CrossRef

34.

Wang J et al (2018) Construction of multifunctional MoSe2 hybrid towards the simultaneous improvements in fire safety and mechanical property of polymer. J Hazard Mater 352:36–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.03.003CrossRef

35.

Luo T et al (2021) Flame-retardant effect of modified molecular sieve by ionic liquid in TPU. J Therm Anal Calorim. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-021-10840-0CrossRef

36.

Chen X et al (2019) Properties of flame-retardant TPU based on para-aramid fiber modified with iron diethyl phosphinate. Polym Adv Technol 30(1):170–178. https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.4456CrossRef

37.

Lu S, Shen B, Chen X (2021) Construction of Charring-Functional Polyheptanazine towards Improvements in Flame Retardants of Polyurethane. Molecules 26(2):340. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26020340CrossRef

38.

Xu W et al (2021) Effect of two-dimensional zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-L on flame retardant property of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers. Polym Adv Technol 32(5):2072–2081. https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.5237CrossRef

39.

Wei Z, Chen X, Jiao C (2019) Thermal degradation and flame retardancy of fumaric acid in thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer. Polym Adv Technol 30(2):475–482. https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.4462CrossRef

40.

Tu B et al (2021) Waste to resource: preparation of an efficient adsorbent and its sustainable utilization in flame retardant polyurethane composites. RSC Adv 11(17):9942–9954. https://doi.org/10.1039/d0ra10873aCrossRef

41.

Cai W et al (2019) An operable platform towards functionalization of chemically inert boron nitride nanosheets for flame retardancy and toxic gas suppression of thermoplastic polyurethane. Compos B: Eng 178:107462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.107462CrossRef

42.

Jiao C et al (2020) Flame retardant effect of 1-aminoethyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate in thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer. J Therm Anal Calorim. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-020-09671-2CrossRef

43.

Chen X, Feng X, Jiao C (2017) Combustion and thermal degradation properties of flame-retardant TPU based on EMIMPF6. J Therm Anal Calorim 129(2):851–857. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-017-6189-4CrossRef

44.

Shan X et al (2011) Compound of nickel phosphate with Ni(OH)(PO4)2–layers and synergistic application with intumescent flame retardants in thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer. Ind Eng Chem Res 50(12):7201–7209. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie2001555CrossRef

45.

Chen X et al (2019) Fire-safe agent integrated with oyster shell and melamine polyphosphate for thermoplastic polyurethane. Polym Adv Technol 30(7):1576–1588. https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.4588CrossRef

46.

Canillas A, Pascual E, Drévillon B (1993) Phase-modulated ellipsometer using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer for real time applications. Rev Sci Instrum 64(8):2153–2159. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1143953CrossRef

47.

Qian L et al (2011) Thermal degradation behavior of the compound containing phosphaphenanthrene and phosphazene groups and its flame retardant mechanism on epoxy resin. Polymer 52(24):5486–5493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2011.09.053CrossRef

Titel: Facile Preparation of Novel Carbon Microspheres for Improvement in Flame Retardancy, Smoke Suppression and Toxicity Reduction of Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomer
verfasst von: Jinyong Ren
Yanli Zhang
Junxiu Piao
Yaofei Wang
Yaxuan Wang
Tingting Feng
Wei Liu
Wenjiao Chen
Huixin Dong
Chuanmei Jiao
Xilei Chen
Publikationsdatum: 26.07.2022
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Fire Technology / Ausgabe 5/2022
Print ISSN: 0015-2684
Elektronische ISSN: 1572-8099
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-022-01298-z

Springer Professional

Abstract

Graphical abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu Ihrer Lizenz zu erhalten.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 5/2022

On the Effect of Exposed Timber on the Severity of Structural Fires in a Compartment and Required Firefighting Resources

How to Use Metallurgical Analysis for Fire Investigation: The Case of AISI 316 Stainless Steel

An Experimental Investigation on Assessment of Residual Mechanical Performance of Basalt Fiber Reinforced High Strength Concrete at Elevated Temperature

CFD Simulations of Fire Propagation in Horizontal Cable Trays Using a Pyrolysis Model with Stochastically Determined Geometry

Discovering Graphical Heuristics on Fire-Induced Spalling of Concrete Through Explainable Artificial Intelligence

A Global Model for Heat Release Rate Prediction of Cable Burning on Vertical Cable Tray in Different Fire Scenarios