4. From Graphene Oxide to Reduced Graphene Oxide

Developing a novel two-step reduction method to synthesize reduced graphene oxide (RGO) can improve the electrical conductivity and tune the work function of RGO for optoelectronic applications. In GO, the sp³ C–O bonds disrupt charge transfer in the C=C clusters of its honeycomb structure. Restoring the graphene structure increases the conductivity by several orders of magnitude [117]. By removing oxygenated groups via chemical reduction, GO is converted to RGO, which is an ideal TCE to replace conventional TCEs like expensive, brittle ITO. However, as discussed in Chap. 2, the main challenge with RGO is achieving conductivity comparable to ITO. This chapter focuses on the synthesis of RGO via a two-step reduction technique, aimed at both augmenting its electrical properties and fine-tuning its work function. It explores the fabrication of transparent RGO films through spin coating on glass substrates and discusses the application of free-standing films, characterized by their high electrical conductivity,flexibility, and durability, in the realm of flexible electronics.