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2024 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

1. Introduction: Genesis of the Tele-Text

verfasst von : Blythe Worthy, Paul Sheehan

Erschienen in: Adapting Television and Literature

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

In our current infatuation with networked culture, the principle of connection is more prized than ever. We are reminded of its importance in our roles as researchers, particularly via the transdisciplinary practices that are now commonplace across the humanities. But within the current media ecology, these affordances have also precipitated certain complications. For a field of enquiry to be taken seriously, for it to be grasped on its own terms, a degree of definitional precision is mandatory—a sense that it is both singular and heterogeneous, and not beholden to more established disciplines. So it is with adaptation studies and television studies, as contemporary scholars separate their subject-areas from such traditional, ‘legitimate’ fields of knowledge as literary studies, film studies and media studies. It is also the case that these ‘mother’ disciplines have, at various points, threatened to subsume both television studies and adaptation studies. Though they might use literary-television adaptations as objects of analysis, and even apply novel methodologies to study them, these broader areas of enquiry tend not to see adaptation as a productive field, output or process, in and of itself.

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Fußnoten
1
Thomas Leitch, “Introduction,” The Oxford Handbook of Adaptation Studies, ed. Thomas Leitch (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017), 1–22.
 
2
Betty Kaklamanidou, “Introduction” New Approaches to Contemporary Adaptation, eds. Betty Kaklamanidou, Thomas Leitch, Eurydice Da Silva, Christina Wilkins, Simon Brown, Stacey Abbott, Thomas Britt, Nicole Pizarro, and Karin Boklund-Lagopoulou (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 2020).
 
3
See, for example, pioneering studies by Elana Levine and Michael Z. Newman on television legitimation, Glen Creeber on small screen aesthetics, Sue Turnbull on crime drama, and Sasha Torres on civil rights on television.
 
4
Kamilla Elliott, Theorizing Adaptation (New York: Oxford University Press, 2020).
 
5
Linda Hutcheon and Siobhan O’Flynn A Theory of Adaptation, 2nd ed. (New York: Routledge, 2013), xv.
 
6
Kaklamanidou, “Introduction,” 6.
 
7
Kaklamanidou, 6.
 
8
In the introduction to Theorizing Adaptation, Elliott has an exhaustive discussion of the exponential growth of the field of adaptation.
 
9
Julie Grossman, “Introduction,” Literature, Film, and Their Hideous Progeny Adaptation and ElasTEXTity. 1st ed. (London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015), 2.
 
10
Grossman, “Introduction,” 11.
 
11
Yvonne Griggs, Adaptable TV: Rewiring the Text (Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018), 2.
 
12
Grossman, 2.
 
13
Many viewers interact directly with series creators online, or create fan sites to share their work, which can even transfer into televised content. See, for example, Rahma Sugihartati, “Youth Fans of Global Popular Culture: Between Prosumer and Free Digital Laboure,” Journal of Consumer Culture 20, no. 3 (2020): 305–23. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1177/​1469540517736522​
 
14
Christopher Hogg, Adapting Television Drama: Theory and Industry (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2021). 18.
 
15
“Top 10: Discover what Americans are watching and playing, Week of May 1–7” Neilson Insights Blog, https://​www.​nielsen.​com/​top-ten/​. Accessed June 5, 2023.
 
16
As these programs are rebooted, more texts will then be used in the adaptation process, including continuations of the previous seasons. Griggs has argued that as seasons and paratextual discourses unfold, more literary references are needed in abundance as well. Griggs, Adaptable TV. 2.
 
17
Julie Sanders, Adaptation and Appropriation, 2nd edition, (Abingdon: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2016), 12.
 
18
And the shutdown of cinema theatres. “Coronavirus Shutdown Will Delay 60% Of U.S. & Global Drama As Scripted Hangover Set To Extend Well In 2021, Data Shows,” Deadline Hollywood. May 19, 2020. https://​deadline.​com/​2020/​05/​covid-19-shutdown-delay-international-drama-1202938005/​. Retrieved May 25, 2020.
 
19
Griggs, Adaptable TV, 5.
 
20
Leitch, “Adaptation at the Crossroads,” 65.
 
21
This directive, as it happens, is also drawn from Leitch. Ten years ago, Leitch pondered whether practitioners defined adaptation itself from the centre or the edges, proposing several methods for scholars to analyse these processes via end products. The present study follows Leitch’s third objective—to let the field flourish when we avoid definition—and “let a thousand flowers bloom.” Leitch, ‘Adaptation and Intertextuality or, What isn’t an Adaptation and What Does it Matter?’ A Companion to Literature, Film, and Adaptation, 1st Edition, ed. Deborah Cartmell, (Hoboken: Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2012).
 
22
Mikhail Mikhaĭlovich Bakhtin and Michael Holquist, The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1981), 18. In Theorizing Adaptation, Elliott has a comprehensive discussion of the connective tissues of the arts as well.
 
23
Bluestone’s conception of adaptation as a product and not a process, among other aspects of his study, has been challenged and revised over time. See: Brian McFarlane, Novel to Film: An Introduction to the Theory of Adaptation (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996) and George Bluestone, “Preface,” Novels into Film, (Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1971, originally published 1957, Baltimore, The John Hopkins Press). VII.
 
24
Bluestone, Novels into Film, VIII.
 
25
Julia Kristeva, Desire in Language: a Semiotic Approach to Literature and Art (New York: Columbia University Press, 1980).
 
26
Sanders, Adaptation and Appropriation, 3.
 
27
Cartmell, “Introduction,” 3.
 
28
Considering the separation of private and public spheres and high and low art, Spigel questions “the ideological distinctions among the arts, crafts, and mass culture,” analysing a wide range of objects and media to “scandalize these divisions.” Lynn Spigel, Welcome to the Dreamhouse: Popular Media and Postwar Suburbs, (Durham: Duke University Press, 2001), 13.
 
29
Sarah Cardwell, “Television Amongst Friends: Medium, Art, Media,” Critical Studies in Television 9, no. 3 (2014): 14. https://​doi.​org/​10.​7227/​CST.​9.​3.​2
 
30
Leitch, “Adaptation Studies at the Crossroads,” 64.
 
31
Robert Giddings, Keith Selby and Chris Wensley. Screening the Novel The Theory and Practice of Literary Dramatization (London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1990).
 
32
Sarah Cardwell, Adaptation Revisited: Television and the Classic Novel. (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2002), 14; see for example Cardwell’s consideration of the prominence of classic novels due to advertising and generic identities in Sarah Cardwell, “Literature on the Small Screen: Television Adaptations,” The Cambridge Companion to Literature on Screen, eds. Deborah Cartmell and Imelda Whelehan (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007), 181–96.
 
33
Cardwell, Adaptation Revisited, 156.
 
34
Christine Geraghty, Now a Major Motion Picture: Film Adaptations of Literature and Drama (Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2008), 192.
 
35
See: Christine Geraghty, Women and Soap Opera: a Study of Prime Time Soaps (Cambridge, UK: Polity Press, 1991); Christine Geraghty, “What Is the ‘Television’ of the European Journal of Cultural Studies? Reflections on 20 Years of the Study of Television in the Journal,” European Journal of Cultural Studies 20, no. 6 (2017): 627–36. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1177/​1367549417733004​
 
36
Sanders, Adaptation and Appropriation, 50.
 
37
Sanders, 211.
 
38
Sanders, 51.
 
39
Max Sexton and Malcolm Cook, Adapting Science Fiction to Television: Small Screen, Expanded Universe (Science Fiction Television), (Lanham: The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, 2015). 11.
 
40
Cycles, Sequels, Spin-Offs, Remakes, and Reboots: Multiplicities in Film and Television, edited by Amanda Ann Klein and R. Barton Palmer, (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2016), 14.
 
41
Shannon Wells-Lassagne, Television and Serial Adaptation (New York: Routledge, 2017), 8.
 
42
Wells-Lassagne, Television and Serial Adaptation, 8.
 
43
Griggs, Adaptable TV, 4. There has been further research on the penny dreadful in popular media, see: Julie Grossman, and Will Scheibel, Penny Dreadful and Adaptation: Reanimating and Transforming the Monster, (Cham: Springer International Publishing AG, 2023).
 
44
Griggs, 8
 
45
Gerard Genette, Palimpsests: Literature in the Second Degree (Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press, 1997).
 
46
Christopher Hogg, Adapting Television Drama: Theory and Industry (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2021), 10–11.
 
47
“Introduction: Considering Television Series as Literature,” eds. Reto Winckler and Víctor Huertas-Martín, (Singapore: Springer, 2022), 1.
 
48
Wells-Lassagne, 3.
 
Metadaten
Titel
Introduction: Genesis of the Tele-Text
verfasst von
Blythe Worthy
Paul Sheehan
Copyright-Jahr
2024
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-50832-5_1