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Erschienen in:
Serendipity of Low Carbon Energy System and the Scope of Regional Cooperation Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

2016 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

4. Toward a Low-Carbon Economy for Indonesia: Aspirations, Actions and Scenarios

verfasst von : Arianto A. Patunru, Arief Anshory Yusuf

Erschienen in: Investing on Low-Carbon Energy Systems

Verlag: Springer Singapore

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Abstract

We review the current policy with respect to carbon emission reduction in Indonesia. This objective is put in the context of the current development challenges. The study involves analysis on trends and drivers of emissions, as well as a series of simulation with regards to fuel subsidy elimination, connectivity improvement, and provision of better public transportation. The policy review includes a discussion on the recently issued INDCs (Intended Nationally Determined Contributions). We conclude that Indonesia’s aspiration to achieve a low carbon economy still face significant challenges and that the INDC needs significant improvement.

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Vorheriges Kapitel A Multi-level Experience of Designing Low-Carbon Energy Systems in India
Nächstes Kapitel Greening the Economy with Low Carbon Energy System: Developments, Policy Initiatives and Lessons from Malaysia
Fußnoten
1
Using data from the World Bank’s World Development Indicators.
 
2
Yusuf and Rum (2013) calculated the percentage of people living below international poverty line of $2 per person per day for each of the years during the period of 1990–2012. This estimates improved the previous World Bank estimate because it incorporates regional variations in the cost of living. The analysis suggests the sluggishness in the welfare improvement at the very bottom of the distribution.
 
3
The relationship is also not statistically significant.
 
4
Details are available upon request.
 
5
Readers who are interested in more technical discussion about the theoretical structure of this model can refer to Horridge et al. (2003) or Horridge (2000).
 
6
Before the Pittsburgh speech, the climate change policy development had gained momentum as Indonesia hosted the UNFCCC 13th COP in Bali in 2007. As a follow up to this event the government established the National Council on Climate Change (DNPI) and Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation Commission (REDD and later REDD + Task Force) in 2008. In 2015, however, President Jokowi dissolved both agencies into the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (the amalgam of the merged Ministry of Environment and the Ministry of Forestry).
 
7
Together with its sub-national counterpart, RAD (Rencana Aksi Daerah, Local Action Plan), the plan became RAN/RAD-GRK, which then served as the basis for Indonesia’s NAMA (Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions), in line with the UNFCCC process.
 
8
The estimations exclude communities and private reductions.
 
9
As reported in The Jakarta Post, 3 September 2015.
 
11
The official document of TPP is not yet available. This is based on Outlines of TPP, available from the Office of the United States Trade Representatives: https://​ustr.​gov/​tpp/​outlines-of-TPP.
 
12
As reported in the Southeast Asia Energy Outlook (2013).
 
Literatur
Badan Perencana Pembangunan Nasional [National Planning Agency] (Bappenas) (2014). Rancangan awal Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional 2015–2019 [Initial draft of the National Mid-Term Development Plan, 2015–2019]. Jakarta: Bappenas.
Darajati, W. (2015). Indonesia INDC: Approach and challenges. Indonesian National Planning Agency, Jakarta, March 9, 2015.
Dewan Nasional Perubahan Iklim [National Council for Climate Change] (DNPI), Republic of Indonesia (2009). National economic, environment & development study (NEEDS) for climate change: Indonesia country study. Final report.
Dong, Y., & Whalley, J. (2010). Carbon, trade policy, and carbon free trade areas. World Economy, 33(9), 1073–1094.CrossRef
Ehrlich, P. R., & Holdren, J. P. (1971). Impact of population growth. Science, 171(3977), 1212–1217.
Garnaut, R. (2009). The policy framework for transition to a low carbon world economy. Paper presented at Asian Economic Policy Review conference on Environment and Climate Change, Tokyo, October 3, 2009.
Horridge, M. (2000). ORANI-G: A general equilibrium model of the Australian economy. Centre of policy studies/IMPACT centre working papers op-93. Centre of Policy Studies, Victoria University.
Horridge, M., Madden, J., & Wittwer, G. (2003). Using a highly disaggregated multi-regional single-country model to analyse the impacts of the 2002–03 drought in Australia. Working paper g-141. Centre of Policy Studies, Monash University.
Horridge, M. & Wittwer, G. (2007). The economic impacts of a construction project, using SinoTERM, a multi-regional CGE model of China. Centre of policy studies/IMPACT centre wokring papers g-164. Centre of Policy Studies, Victoria University.
Kaya, Y., & Yokoburi, K. (1997). Environment, energy, and economy: Strategies for sustainability. Tokyo [u.a.]: United Nations University Press.
Medrilzam, M. (2015). Indonesia: Intended nationally determined contributions. Presentation at the Bappenas, Jakarta, June 23, 2015.
Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MEF), Republic of Indonesia (2015). Intended nationally determined contribution, Republic of Indonesia. Final draft, August 30.
Ministry of Finance (MOF), Republic of Indonesia (2009). Ministry of finance green paper: Economic and fiscal policy strategies for climate change mitigation in Indonesia. Jakarta: MOF and Australia-Indonesia Partnership.
Nurdianto, D. A., & Resosudarmo, B. P. (2015). ASEAN economic community and climate change. Working paper, Crawford School, ANU.
Patunru, A. A. (2013). The political economy of environmental policy in Indonesia. In A. Ananta, A. Bauer, & M. Thant (Eds.), The environments of the poor in Southeast Asia, East Asia, and the Pacific (pp. 203–220). Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
Shively, G., & Smith, T. (2015). Natural resources, the environment, and economic development. In I. Coxhead (Ed.), Routledge handbook of Southeast Asian economics (pp. 114–135). New York: Routledge.
Thamrin, S. (2015). Experiences in developing INDC in Indonesia. Presentation at the Durban forum on capacity building, representing the Indonesian National Planning Agency, Bonn, June 8, 2015.
Yusuf, A. A., & Rum, I. A. (2013). Living beyond $2 a day: How Indonesia has progressed. Working papers in economics and development studies (WoPEDS) 201313, Department of Economics, Padjadjaran University, revised July 2013.
Metadaten
Titel
Toward a Low-Carbon Economy for Indonesia: Aspirations, Actions and Scenarios
verfasst von
Arianto A. Patunru
Arief Anshory Yusuf
Copyright-Jahr
2016
Verlag
Springer Singapore
Buch
Investing on Low-Carbon Energy Systems

Print ISBN: 978-981-10-0760-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-981-10-0761-3

Copyright-Jahr: 2016

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0761-3_4

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