nach oben

Energy Systems

09.04.2024 | Original Paper

Maximum power point tracking in PV arrays exposed to partial shading condition irrespective of the array configuration

verfasst von: Reham Kamal, Mazen Abdel-Salam, Mohamed Nayel

Erschienen in: Energy Systems

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

A method is proposed for calculating the I-V and P–V curves of a PV array composed of series-, parallel- and series–parallel connected-cells or modules or strings exposed to uniform and non-uniform radiation with and without bypass diodes (BpDs). The P–V curve of the array exposed to uniform radiation has one power peak irrespective of the presence or absence of BpDs. In non-uniform radiation, the curve has a number of power peaks equal to that of the radiation levels in presence of BpDs irrespective of the number of diodes against one peak in absence of BpDs. The proposed method is based on combining Lambert-based simultaneous-solutions of the describing-equations V = g (I) and I = f (V) to obtain a global voltage equation V in terms of current I over all current range. The method is extended to locate the global maximum power point (GMPP) of the array by locating a point close to the GMPP on the calculated P–V curve of the array where it interests with a parabolic equation proposed -for the first time- to relate the output power to the corresponding output voltage of the array. To pinpoint the location of local maximum power points (LMPPs) and GMPP for the array, the “islocalmax” Matlab function is used along with the calculated P–V curve of the array. The calculated I-V and P–V curves by the proposed method as well as the locations of the GMPP and LMPPs agree reasonably with the present experimental-measurements and those reported in the literature.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Lee, C.G., Shin, W.G., Lim, J.R., Kang, G.H., Ju, Y.C., Hwang, H.M., Chang, H.S., Ko, S.W.: Analysis of electrical and thermal characteristics of PV array under mismatching conditions caused by partial shading and short circuit failure of bypass diodes. Energy 218, 119480 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.119480CrossRef

Vieira, R.G., de Araújo, F.M.U., Dhimish, M., Guerra, M.I.S.: A comprehensive review on bypass diode application on photovoltaic modules. Energies 13, 2472 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/en13102472CrossRef

Baba, A.O., Liu, G., Chen, X.: Classification and evaluation review of maximum power point tracking methods. Sustain. Futur. 2, 100020 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2020.100020CrossRef

Worku, M.Y., Hassan, M.A., Maraaba, L.S., Shafiullah, M., Elkadeem, M.R., Hossain, M.I., Abido, M.A.: A comprehensive review of recent maximum power point tracking techniques for photovoltaic systems under partial shading. Sustainability. 15, 1–28 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/su151411132CrossRef

Niazi, K., Khan, H.A., Amir, F.: Hot-spot reduction and shade loss minimization in crystalline-silicon solar panels. J. Renew. Sustain. Energy. 10, 033506 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5020203CrossRef

Ali, K., Niazi, K., Yang, Y., Sera, D.: Review of mismatch mitigation techniques for PV modules. IET Renew. Power Gener. 13, 2035–2050 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-rpg.2019.0153CrossRef

Al Mamun, M.A., Hasanuzzaman, M., Selvaraj, J.: Experimental investigation of the effect of partial shading on photovoltaic performance. IET Renew. Power Gener. 11, 912–921 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-rpg.2016.0902CrossRef

Xiao, W.B., Hu, F.Y., Zhang, H.M., H.M.Wu: Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Partial Shading on Photovoltaic Cells’ Electrical Parameters. Int. J. Photoenergy. 2015, 1–8 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/191603 Research

Dolara, A., Lazaroiu, G.C., Leva, S., Manzolini, G.: Experimental investigation of partial shading scenarios on PV (photovoltaic) modules. Energy 55, 466–475 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2013.04.009CrossRef

10.

Bai, J., Cao, Y., Hao, Y., Zhang, Z., Liu, S., Cao, F.: Characteristic output of PV systems under partial shading or mismatch conditions. Sol. Energy 112, 41–54 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2014.09.048CrossRef

11.

Chepp, E.D., Gasparin, F.P., Krenzinger, A.: Improvements in methods for analysis of partially shaded PV modules. Renew. Energy 200, 900–910 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2022.10.035CrossRef

12.

Shen, Y., He, Z., Xu, Z., Wang, Y., Li, C., Zhang, J., Zhang, K., Wei, H.: Modeling of photovoltaic modules under common shading conditions. Energy 256, 124618 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2022.124618CrossRef

13.

Feng, X., Ma, T.: Solar photovoltaic system under partial shading and perspectives on maximum utilization of the shaded land. Int. J. Green Energy 20, 378–389 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2022.2047977CrossRef

14.

Zhu, L., Li, Q., Chen, M., Cao, K., Sun, Y.: A simplified mathematical model for power output predicting of building integrated photovoltaic under partial shading conditions. Energy Convers. Manag. 180, 831–843 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2018.11.036CrossRef

15.

Wang, Z., Zhou, N., Gong, L., Jiang, M.: Quantitative estimation of mismatch losses in photovoltaic arrays under partial shading conditions. Optik (Stuttg). 203, 163950 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2019.163950

16.

Hemza, A., Abdeslam, H., Rachid, C., Aoun, N.: Simplified methods for evaluating the degradation of photovoltaic module and modeling considering partial shading. Measurement 138, 217–224 (2019)CrossRef

17.

Kermadi, M., Chin, V.J., Mekhilef, S., Salam, Z.: A fast and accurate generalized analytical approach for PV arrays modeling under partial shading conditions. Sol. Energy 208, 753–765 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2020.07.077CrossRef

18.

Chepp, E.D., Krenzinger, A.: A methodology for prediction and assessment of shading on PV systems. Sol. Energy 216, 537–550 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2021.01.002CrossRef

19.

Zhang, Y., Su, J., Zhang, C., Lang, Z., Yang, M., Gu, T.: Performance estimation of photovoltaic module under partial shading based on explicit analytical model. Sol. Energy 224, 327–340 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2021.06.019CrossRef

20.

Bharadwaj, P., John, V.: Subcell Modeling of Partially Shaded Photovoltaic Modules. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. 55, 3046–3054 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2019.2899813CrossRef

21.

Moreira, H.S., Lucas de Souza Silva, J., Gomes dos Reis, M.V., de Bastos Mesquita, D., Kikumoto de Paula, B.H., Villalva, M.G.: Experimental comparative study of photovoltaic models for uniform and partially shading conditions. Renew. Energy. 164, 58–73 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.08.086

22.

Kumar, D., Mishra, P., Ranjan, A., Kumar, D., Kumar, L.: A simplified simulation model of silicon photovoltaic modules for performance evaluation at different operating conditions. Optik (Stuttg). 204, 164228 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2020.164228

23.

Torres, J.P.N., Nashih, S.K., Fernandes, C.A.F., Leite, J.C.: The effect of shading on photovoltaic solar panels. Energy Syst. 9, 195–208 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12667-016-0225-5CrossRef

24.

Mohamed, N.: Anew method for maximum power point tracking in PV systems under partial shading conditions, (2018)

25.

Kobayashi, K., Takano, I., Sawada, Y.: A study of a two-stage maximum power point tracking control of a photovoltaic system under partially shaded insolation conditions. Electr. Eng. Japan. 153, 774–783 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1002/eej.20188CrossRef

26.

Ji, Y.H., Jung, D.Y., Kim, J.G., Kim, J.H., Lee, T.W., Won, C.Y.: A real maximum power point tracking method for mismatching compensation in PV array under partially shaded conditions. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 26, 1001–1009 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2010.2089537CrossRef

27.

Koutroulis, E., Blaabjerg, F.: A new technique for tracking the global maximum power point of PV arrays operating under partial-shading conditions. IEEE J. Photovoltaics. 2, 184–190 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOTOV.2012.2183578CrossRef

28.

Oulcaid, M., El Fadil, H., Yahya, A., Giri, F.: Maximum power point tracking algorithm for photovoltaic systems under partial shaded conditions. IFAC-PapersOnLine. 49, 217–222 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2016.07.954CrossRef

29.

Basoglu, M.E.: An improved 0.8 V OC model based GMPPT technique for module level photovoltaic power optimizers. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. 55, 1913–1921 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2018.2885216

30.

Bi, Z., Ma, J., Man, K.L., Smith, J.S., Yue, Y., Wen, H.: An Enhanced 0.8VOC-Model-Based Global Maximum Power Point Tracking Method for Photovoltaic Systems. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. 56, 6825–6834 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2020.3019364

31.

Wang, Y., Li, Y., Ruan, X.: High-accuracy and fast-speed MPPT methods for PV string under partially shaded conditions. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. 63, 235–245 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2015.2465897CrossRef

32.

Batzelis, E.I., Routsolias, I.A., Papathanassiou, S.A.: An explicit pv string model based on the lambert w function and simplified mpp expressions for operation under partial shading. IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy. 5, 301–312 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1109/TSTE.2013.2282168CrossRef

33.

Kermadi, M., Salam, Z., Eltamaly, A.M., Ahmed, J., Mekhilef, S., Larbes, C., Berkouk, E.M.: Recent developments of mppt techniques for pv systems under partial shading conditions: a critical review and performance evaluation. IET Renew. Power Gener. 14, 3401–3417 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-rpg.2020.0454CrossRef

34.

Koh, J.S., Tan, R.H.G., Lim, W.H., Tan, N.M.L.: A Modified Particle Swarm Optimization for Efficient Maximum Power Point Tracking under Partial Shading Condition. IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy. 1–12 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1109/TSTE.2023.3250710

35.

Abbass, M.J., Lis, R., Saleem, F.: The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of a partially shaded PV array for optimization using the antlion algorithm. Energies 16, 1–13 (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/en16052380CrossRef

36.

Punitha, K., Devaraj, D., Sakthivel, S.: Artificial neural network based modified incremental conductance algorithm for maximum power point tracking in photovoltaic system under partial shading conditions. Energy 62, 330–340 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2013.08.022CrossRef

37.

Wang, Y., Yang, B.: Optimal PV array reconfiguration under partial shading condition through dynamic leader based collective intelligence. Prot. Control Mod. Power Syst. 8, 1–16 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41601-023-00315-9CrossRef

38.

Jiang, L.L., Maskell, D.L., Patra, J.C.: A novel ant colony optimization-based maximum power point tracking for photovoltaic systems under partially shaded conditions. Energy Build. 58, 227–236 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.12.001CrossRef

39.

Ragb, O., Bakr, H.: A new technique for estimation of photovoltaic system and tracking power peaks of PV array under partial shading. Energy 268, 126680 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2023.126680CrossRef

40.

Anya, I., Saha, C., Ahmed, H., Rajbhandari, S., Huda, N., Mumtaz, A.: Experimental evaluation of adaptive maximum power point tracking for a standalone photovoltaic system. Energy Syst. 13, 835–853 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12667-021-00436-wCrossRef

41.

Pati, A.K., Sahoo, N.C.: A new approach in maximum power point tracking for a photovoltaic array with power management system using Fibonacci search algorithm under partial shading conditions. Energy Syst. 7, 145–172 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12667-015-0185-1CrossRef

42.

Nadeem, A., Hussain, A.: A comprehensive review of global maximum power point tracking algorithms for photovoltaic systems. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg (2023)CrossRef

43.

Sarvi, M., Azadian, A.: A comprehensive review and classified comparison of MPPT algorithms in PV systems. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg (2022)CrossRef

44.

Premkumar, M., Kumar, C., Sowmya, R.: Mathematical modelling of solar photovoltaic cell/panel/array based on the physical parameters from the manufacturer’s datasheet. Int. J. Renew. Energy Dev. 9, 7–22 (2020). https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.9.1.7-22

45.

Kamal, R., Abdel-Salam, M., Nayel, M.: Estimation of photovoltaic module parameters based on datasheet: a review and a proposed method. Eng. Res. J. 179, 178–203 (2023)CrossRef

46.

Kamal, R., Abdel-Salam, M., Nayel, M.: Performance characteristic of a PV module as influenced by dust accumulation: theory versus experiment. J. Eng. Appl. Sci. 70, 1–22 (2023)CrossRef

47.

Chin, V.J., Salam, Z., Ishaque, K.: Cell modelling and model parameters estimation techniques for photovoltaic simulator application: a review. Appl. Energy 154, 500–519 (2015)CrossRef

48.

Batzelis, E.I., Anagnostou, G., Chakraborty, C., Pal, B.C.: Computation of the Lambert W Function in Photovoltaic Modeling. In: ELECTRIMACS 2019—Salerno, Italy, 21st-23rd May, In ELECTRIMACS book, Editors W.Zamboni and Pertone. pp. 583–595, May 2019. Springer International Publishing, Italy (2019)

49.

Zamboni, W., Petrone, G.: Electrimacs 2019 Selected Papers. Springer Nature Switzerland AG (2019)

50.

Batzelis, E.I., Papathanassiou, S.A.: A method for the analytical extraction of the single-diode PV model parameters. IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy. 7, 504–512 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1109/TSTE.2015.2503435CrossRef

51.

Corless, R.M., Jeffrey, D.J., Knuth, D.E.: A Sequence of series for the Lambert W function. Proc. Int. Symp. Symb. Algebr. Comput. ISSAC. 197–204 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1145/258726.258783

52.

Nguyen, X.H., Nguyen, M.P.: Mathematical modeling of photovoltaic cell/module/arrays with tags in Matlab/Simulink. Environ. Syst. Res. 4, 1–13 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40068-015-0047-9CrossRef

53.

Patel, H., Agarwal, V.: MATLAB-based modeling to study the effects of partial shading on PV array characteristics. IEEE Trans. Energy Convers. 23, 302–310 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1109/TEC.2007.914308CrossRef

54.

Jieb, Y.A., Hossain, E.: Photovoltaic systems:Photovoltaic systems: fundamentals and applications. Springer Nature Switzerland AG, Cham, Switzerland (2022)

55.

Hanifi, H., Pander, M., Jaeckel, B., Schneider, J., Bakhtiari, A., Maier, W.: A novel electrical approach to protect PV modules under various partial shading situations. Sol. Energy 193, 814–819 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2019.10.035CrossRef

Titel: Maximum power point tracking in PV arrays exposed to partial shading condition irrespective of the array configuration
verfasst von: Reham Kamal
Mazen Abdel-Salam
Mohamed Nayel
Publikationsdatum: 09.04.2024
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Energy Systems
Print ISSN: 1868-3967
Elektronische ISSN: 1868-3975
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12667-024-00666-8