1 Introduction
Mechanical tests | Electrical tests |
---|---|
Modal analysis | Fault ride through tests |
Acoustic noise and vibration | Control performance |
Speed and torque ramp-up | Frequency variations |
Heat run | Flicker tests |
Lubrication tests | Grid impedance |
Parasitic loads | Harmonic injection |
Shock tests | Power quality |
2 Hybrid nacelle test methodology
3 Model description
Components | Modeling approach |
---|---|
Drive motors | Rigid body |
Drive shaft | Flexible body |
Test bench coupling and torque limiter | Flexible body |
Test bench coupling links | Rigid body |
LAS moment bearing | Bushing element with \(6\times 6\) stiffness matrix |
LAS actuators | Rigid body |
Hexapod | Rigid body |
Nacelle platform | Flexible body |
Tower adapter | Flexible body |
Bedplate | Flexible body |
Yaw bearing | Nonlinear force element |
Yaw lock | Nonlinear force element |
Main shaft and hub adapter | Flexible body |
Main bearing | Nonlinear force element |
Main bearing housing | Flexible body |
Gearbox housing | Flexible body |
Gearbox support structure | Flexible body |
Gearbox housing-support structure interface | Bushing elements representing bolt elastomers |
Gearbox bearings | Nonlinear force elements |
Gears | Rigid body with contact stiffness |
Gear shafts | Flexible body |
Planet carriers | Flexible body |
Generator housing | Rigid body |
Generator rotor | Rigid body |
Generator coupling | Bushing element |
4 Case studies
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Pitch forces
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Yaw forces
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Axial forces
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Pitch moments
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Yaw moments
4.1 Sensitivity study
4.2 Response under pitch forces
4.3 Response under yaw forces
4.4 Response under axial forces
4.5 Response under pitch moments
4.6 Response under yaw moments
5 Discussion
Response | Load case | Partial load range | Extrapolated load range | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
40% load | 60% load | 80% load | 100% load | ||
Main shaft displacement | Axial force | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 1.1 |
Yaw force | 8.4 | 5.4 | 4.1 | 6.5 | |
Pitch force | 15.6 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 6.6 | |
Pitch moment | 1.4 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 2.1 | |
Yaw moment | 0.7 | 4.9 | 9.3 | 11.2 | |
Gearbox deflection | Yaw force | 17.5 | 6.5 | 1.8 | 5.8 |
Pitch force | 14.6 | 13.0 | 14.0 | 14.1 | |
Pitch moment | 8.1 | 6.1 | 8.2 | 11.0 | |
Yaw moment | 18.5 | 12.3 | 10.7 | 11.3 | |
Bedplate strain | Axial force | 30.1 | 26.5 | 21.6 | 20.7 |
Yaw force | 24.7 | 19.7 | 19.5 | 19.7 | |
Pitch force | 18.9 | 7.3 | 2.9 | 1.9 | |
Pitch moment | 20.4 | 14.1 | 15.2 | 16.2 | |
Yaw moment | 4.2 | 4.4 | 5.5 | 7.8 |