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2023 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

2. Toxicity of Persistent Hydrocarbon Pollutants, Sources and Sustainable Remediation Process

verfasst von : Jaydeep Kanungo, Teyaswini Sahoo, Laxmi Priya Swain, Ipsita Dipamitra Behera

Erschienen in: Impact of Petroleum Waste on Environmental Pollution and its Sustainable Management Through Circular Economy

Verlag: Springer Nature Switzerland

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Abstract

Hydrocarbon pollution from the petroleum industry is one of the world's most critical environmental problems. Polluting the environment by inadvertent release of petroleum products is a serious concern. Hydrocarbon components have long been recognized as organic pollutants with well-documented carcinogenic and neurological effects. There are three major categories of hydrocarbons in petroleum: pyrogenic, petrogenic, and biological. Numerous petroleum waste and organic contaminants are consistently produced throughout oil exploration and processing. Leaks of petroleum oil, sewage sludge, and tarry or creosote waste are additional environmentally hazardous sources of petroleum hydrocarbons. The most harmful hydrocarbons evaporate quickly following oil spills, causing damage to the ecology in this way. Aromatic compounds, nitrogen, aliphatic, amines, and oxides are all part of the petroleum wastes. However, the composition may change from place to place due to differences in the local biological and geologic factors. As the demand for petroleum products increase, this ultimately increases environmental concern for its dumping. As there is no suitable dumping method, this causes various impacts on the ecosystem, affecting humans, soil, aquatic life, plants, etc. In plants, it leads to inhibition in seed germination enzymatic dysfunction and affects the process of photosynthesis by causing changes in chlorophyll concentration. In humans, it affects the respiratory system, such as lung (pneumonia) or lung damage, skin and eye irritation, dizziness, headache, etc. Similarly, it affects aquatic life by affecting reproductive process, lowering the production of eggs, and decreasing oxygen content, which affects flora, fauna, and aquatic animals. Several physicochemical and biological methods are used for the remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon wastes. Physiochemical methods are generally not environment-friendly and cost-effective; hence, we go for various biological methods such as phytoremediation, bioaugmentation, and biostimulation.

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Vorheriges Kapitel In-Depth Coverage of Petroleum Waste Sources, Characteristics, Environmental Impact, and Sustainable Remediation Process

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Titel: Toxicity of Persistent Hydrocarbon Pollutants, Sources and Sustainable Remediation Process
verfasst von: Jaydeep Kanungo
Teyaswini Sahoo
Laxmi Priya Swain
Ipsita Dipamitra Behera
Verlag: Springer Nature Switzerland
Buch: Impact of Petroleum Waste on Environmental Pollution and its Sustainable Management Through Circular Economy
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-48219-9

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-031-48220-5

Copyright-Jahr: 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48220-5_2

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