6. Traditional Construction Systems and Their Sustainable Opportunities: Adobe and Rammed Earth

This book chapter presents an eco-construction process that aims to promote sustainable building practices in arid and semi-arid zones. The proposed construction technique utilizes adobe and rammed earth methods, which are both environmentally friendly. To establish the feasibility of the construction technique, the chapter identifies the geotechnical and mineralogical characteristics of the two materials. Subsequently, the manufacturing and construction processes and their thermal, acoustic, and mechanical properties are studied. The analysis shows that the proposed eco-construction practice is sustainable, with excellent durability and a positive environmental impact. Additionally, it was found that using adobe and rammed earth techniques for construction aligns with some of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (11 and 12). These techniques use natural resources that are readily available locally, reducing the construction process’s environmental impact. Furthermore, the chapter evaluates reusable and recyclable materials as a preservation strategy for local ecosystems. It is worth noting that climatic characteristics and geographical conditions play a crucial role in the effectiveness of these construction techniques. Proper maintenance is also essential to extend the durability of the structures. By adopting these eco-construction practices, the construction industry can contribute to the sustainable development of communities and ecosystems in arid and semi-arid zones.