9. Remediation Strategies of Environmental Mercury: An Overview of Its Environmental Persistence, Associated Threats, and Health Impacts

The potential toxicity of environmental mercury in various environmental spheres is well documented. The environment faces the problem of bioaccumulated mercury as a result of anthropogenic activity. Numerous removal/remediation methods, including modern developments, have been covered in this article. Mercury moves around in the environment and enters the food chain, having an impact on the biota of many different ecosystems as well as human health. One of the main factors that affect our environment and cause concern is the MeHg generation. In the current article, the redox chemistry of environmental mercury is also covered because it sheds light on bioavailability and enhances remedial measures for mercury pollution. Significant advancements in the ability to access mercury pollution have been developed over time. Numerous remediation techniques, including soil washing, membrane filtration, phytoremediation, and bacterial remediation, have been suggested based on the environmental cycling and interactions at various layers of ecosystems. Additionally, graphene-based membranes’ contribution to mercury remediation has also been listed.