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2024 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

8. The Impact of Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine on the European Gas Supply: An Emphasis on New Gas Import Infrastructure in the EU

verfasst von : Kari Liuhto

Erschienen in: Fossil Fuels in the European Union

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

The world population has increased by 30 percent in this millennium (UNCTAD 2023), resulting in a natural increase in energy consumption. However, energy demand has grown at an even higher rate than the population. Global energy consumption has increased by more than 50 percent from the year 2000 to today.

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Vorheriges Kapitel Changing Strategic Alliances in the Fossil Fuel Market as an Implication of the Russian Federation's Aggression Against Ukraine

Nächstes Kapitel Potential Directions for Changes in the EU’s Climate Policy

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Natural gas transit through Ukraine may stop by the end of 2024 if Ukraine (Naftohaz) and Russia (Gazprom) fail to negotiate the terms of a new agreement. If natural gas transit through Ukraine is interrupted, energy supply will become difficult in some Central European EU countries, such as Austria, Hungary and Slovakia (Henderson and Chyong 2023).

Due to the Algeria-Morocco tensions, a gas pipeline (GME–capacity: 12 bcm) from Algeria via Morocco to Spain was halted in November 2021 (Anouar 2022; GEM 2023o).

Three out of four Nord Stream pipes were sabotaged on September 26, 2022 (DW 2022).

El Musel LNG terminal in Gijon with an annual capacity of seven bcm has been completed but it was mothballed and it has not been put into operation.

Examples of small and mid-sized LNG receiving units in the EU: Tornio Manga (0.5 bcm), Pori (0.2 bcm) and Hamina (0.1 bcm) in Finland, Oristano (0.3 bcm) and Ravenna in Italy (1.0 bcm), Delimara in Malta (0.7 bcm), and Lysekil (0.3 bcm) and Nynäshamn (0.5 bcm) in Sweden (GIIGNL 2022; GEM 2023a; IGU 2023).

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EC–European Commission (2022e) Launch of the baltic pipe. https://commission.europa.eu/news/launch-baltic-pipe-2022-09-27_en. Accessed 15 July 2023

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Eurostat (2023c) Supply, transformation and consumption of gas–monthly data. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/NRG_CB_GASM__custom_6040560/settings_1/table?lang=en. Accessed 14 July 2023

Gasgrid Finland (2023) Terminal. https://gasgrid.fi/en/fsru-en/terminal/. Accessed 15 July 2023

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GEM–Global Energy Monitor (2023a) Hamina LNG terminal. https://www.gem.wiki/Hamina_LNG_Terminal. Accessed 27 Mar 2023

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GEM–Global Energy Monitor (2023g) European gas pipeline link. https://www.gem.wiki/European_Gas_Pipeline_Link_(EUGAL). Accessed 27 Mar 2023

GEM–Global Energy Monitor (2023h) Gas Interconnector Greece-Bulgaria (IGB). https://www.gem.wiki/Gas_Interconnector_Greece%E2%80%93Bulgaria_(IGB). Accessed 27 Mar 2023

GEM–Global Energy Monitor (2023i) Poland-Slovakia gas pipeline. https://www.gem.wiki/Poland. Accessed 27 Mar 2023

GEM–Global Energy Monitor (2023j) TurkStream gas pipeline. https://www.gem.wiki/TurkStream_Gas_Pipeline. Accessed 27 Mar 2023

GEM–Global Energy Monitor (2023k) TurkStream 2 Gas Pipeline. https://www.gem.wiki/TurkStream_2_Gas_Pipeline. Accessed 27 Mar 2023

GEM–Global Energy Monitor (2023l) Balkan Stream Gas Pipeline. https://www.gem.wiki/Balkan_Stream_gas_pipeline. Accessed 31 Mar 2023

GEM–Global Energy Monitor (2023m) Medgaz Gas Pipeline. https://www.gem.wiki/Medgaz_Gas_Pipeline. Accessed 1 Apr 2023

GEM–Global Energy Monitor (2023n) Trans-Mediterranean Gas Pipeline. https://www.gem.wiki/Trans-Mediterranean_Gas_Pipeline. Accessed 1 Apr 2023

GEM–Global Energy Monitor (2023o) Maghreb-Europe gas pipeline. https://www.gem.wiki/Maghreb-Europe_Gas_Pipeline. Accessed 1 Apr 2023

GEM–Global Energy Monitor (2023p) Greenstream Pipeline. https://www.gem.wiki/Greenstream_Pipeline. Accessed 1 Apr 2023

GIE–Gas Infrastructure Europe (2021) GIE Storage Database. https://www.gie.eu/transparency/databases/storage-database/. Accessed 31 Mar 2023

GIE–Gas Infrastructure Europe (2022) GIE LNG Map. https://www.gie.eu/publications/maps/gie-lng-map/. Accessed 15 July 2023

GIIGNL–International Group of Liquefied Natural Gas Importers (2002) GIIGNL Annual Report 2022. file:///C:/Users/katali/Downloads/GIIGNL2022_Annual_Report_May24.pdf. Accessed 27 Mar 2023

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Titel: The Impact of Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine on the European Gas Supply: An Emphasis on New Gas Import Infrastructure in the EU
verfasst von: Kari Liuhto
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Buch: Fossil Fuels in the European Union
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-56789-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-031-56790-2

Copyright-Jahr: 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-56790-2_8

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