1. Introduction to Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies

Energy storage and conversion technologies depending upon sustainable energy sources have gained much attention due to continuous increasing demand of energy for social and economic growth. Electrochemical energy storage (EES) technologies, especially secondary batteries and electrochemical capacitors (ECs), are considered as potential technologies which have been successfully utilized in electronic devices, immobilized storage gadgets, and pure and hybrid electrical vehicles effectively due to their features, like remarkable energy and power density, excellent round-trip ability, long life cycle, cheap, and environment friendly. Among the developed batteries, Li-ion batteries are widely used at a large scale. Among secondary batteries, Li-ion, lithium-sulfur, and sodium-ion batteries have gained much attention of researchers across the globe and could deliver large-scale electric energy in the future. This chapter describes a short introduction to energy storage mechanisms and different types of EES devices.